WEBVTT 00:01.360 --> 00:08.110 Most Linux distributions include an online manual for looking up information on shell commands, as 00:08.110 --> 00:12.370 well as a lot of new utilities included in the distribution. 00:12.640 --> 00:18.520 You should become familiar with the manual because it's invaluable for working with commands, especially 00:18.520 --> 00:21.630 when you are trying to figure out various command line parameters. 00:21.640 --> 00:26.770 In this lecture of our course, we will learn about how to interact with the Bash manual. 00:26.800 --> 00:29.260 My name is Stephan and let's get started. 00:41.460 --> 00:48.900 The man command provides access to the manual page stored on the Linux system Entering the man command, 00:48.900 --> 00:52.620 followed by a specific command name, provides the utilities manual entry. 00:52.830 --> 00:58.920 For example, in this case, we're going to write the man here, which is we're going to see almost 00:58.920 --> 01:00.690 all the commands. 01:00.690 --> 01:08.040 And as manual, which is the most important, one of the most important commands in Linux ecosystem 01:08.040 --> 01:08.400 here. 01:08.400 --> 01:10.680 So notice this command here. 01:11.220 --> 01:19.860 We have also the description paragraphs, the synopsis and the name here. 01:20.220 --> 01:24.870 As Linux said, this is the list directory contents. 01:24.900 --> 01:31.080 We have description here, which is the list information about the files and or the current directory 01:31.080 --> 01:31.770 by default. 01:31.770 --> 01:35.370 And we also can sort entries alphabetically. 01:35.370 --> 01:42.160 If none of the c, f or two is x or sort is specified. 01:42.160 --> 01:48.850 So mandatory arguments is a long options are mandatory for short options too as written here. 01:49.470 --> 01:56.370 So when you use the Mac command to view the comments manual page, they are displayed with something 01:56.370 --> 01:58.200 called pager. 01:59.240 --> 02:06.800 So a pager is utility that allows you to pick a page to display text as you can page here. 02:06.950 --> 02:07.400 For example. 02:07.400 --> 02:08.330 Page here. 02:09.250 --> 02:16.810 With the various texts here and scroll down so you can also use the arrow keys to scroll forward and 02:16.810 --> 02:19.330 backward through the man page text. 02:19.360 --> 02:25.060 Assuming that your terminal emulation package supports arrow key functions, so when you are finished 02:25.060 --> 02:38.680 with the man page press Q Press Q to exit as here press Hutch for help or Q for quit here. 02:38.830 --> 02:48.970 So we're going to press the Q here and here, and the man is gone and we are finished with man pages. 02:48.970 --> 02:55.480 And as you can see here, the man page is gone whenever we've written the Q here. 02:56.500 --> 02:56.800 Oops. 02:56.800 --> 02:59.140 What what happened here? 02:59.230 --> 03:06.280 So the manual page here divides information about the comma into separate sections, and each section 03:06.280 --> 03:09.110 has a conventional naming standards. 03:09.440 --> 03:13.050 Here we're going to make another man here, man Cat here. 03:13.070 --> 03:15.980 So here we have the name. 03:16.860 --> 03:18.390 This name here. 03:18.990 --> 03:20.400 This name here. 03:20.880 --> 03:22.040 This place. 03:22.050 --> 03:25.230 Common name and a short description. 03:25.230 --> 03:30.930 In this case, Cat is consented files and print on the standard output. 03:31.110 --> 03:34.140 And we also have synopsis here. 03:34.210 --> 03:36.540 Actually, let's delete this synopsis here. 03:36.570 --> 03:39.840 The synopsis shows command syntax. 03:39.840 --> 03:44.370 So firstly, we enter the cat, then option and then lastly file. 03:44.580 --> 03:47.640 And we also have the configuration. 03:47.640 --> 03:51.900 The configuration provides information configuration information here. 03:51.900 --> 03:56.280 So we also have the description here, the description. 03:57.400 --> 04:00.690 The description describes commands generally. 04:00.700 --> 04:07.420 So as you can see here, the concentrate files to standard output with no file or when file is read 04:07.420 --> 04:08.560 standard output. 04:09.910 --> 04:13.840 And we also at the bottom here, we should go to bottom. 04:15.050 --> 04:17.030 And we have the. 04:19.100 --> 04:28.780 It's copyright examples author reporting bugs um the copyright and see also page here in cat command 04:28.790 --> 04:34.580 so the copyright defines the command obviously copyright defines the command code copyright status. 04:34.610 --> 04:42.920 In this case, the copyright is Free Software Foundation, uh, GPL, V3 plus version three plus. 04:42.920 --> 04:45.410 And there is no variant to the extent permitted by law. 04:45.440 --> 04:47.300 This is a free software. 04:47.900 --> 04:51.170 And we also have the author here. 04:51.200 --> 04:58.310 The author, uh, obviously provides information on comments developers written by the Torbjorn Grandel 04:58.310 --> 05:00.560 and Richard Stallman. 05:00.950 --> 05:03.500 And we also have the see also. 05:03.500 --> 05:05.000 So this is the tech. 05:05.240 --> 05:12.380 So this see also refers similar available comments in this case, the similar available command is tech 05:12.380 --> 05:12.920 here. 05:12.920 --> 05:16.880 So not every comment man page has all the section described here. 05:16.910 --> 05:25.760 Also some comments um have sections names that are not uh, we discussed in next lecture, but in next 05:25.760 --> 05:31.550 lecture we will also learn about several common steps in this man, uh, command here. 05:32.440 --> 05:38.320 And here what you can remember the common name so you can search here. 05:38.320 --> 05:40.270 Let's actually quit and search. 05:40.270 --> 05:49.030 So let's actually we have a case that you don't you you are not remembering the common name so you can 05:49.030 --> 05:51.580 search the main page using keywords. 05:51.580 --> 05:57.850 So the syntax is here, man, man here, key key here. 05:57.850 --> 06:03.160 And then you going to enter the keyword in this case, for example, 80. 06:04.200 --> 06:08.760 And here, as you can see here, we're going to find the comments that has. 06:09.620 --> 06:10.430 18 it. 06:10.430 --> 06:13.700 And if we go if we scroll down like this. 06:15.440 --> 06:21.560 And here we should be able to find the cat that we're here. 06:21.560 --> 06:23.780 And as you can see here, this is a cat. 06:23.840 --> 06:32.360 This command here, man find command finds us that and that has contains a T in it. 06:33.620 --> 06:38.240 And in this case, we found our cat command here.