WEBVTT 00:01.560 --> 00:06.630 Now we have one archive file, but the file is bigger than the sum of the original files. 00:06.990 --> 00:11.610 So what you want to compress those files for ease of transport. 00:13.030 --> 00:19.060 So Linux has several comments capable of creating compressed files, so we will look at this here. 00:19.420 --> 00:24.030 GZIP, which uses the extension to, uh, here. 00:24.490 --> 00:24.870 Excellent. 00:25.090 --> 00:30.250 Now Jesus here to zip is a user's extension. 00:30.280 --> 00:34.480 Tosh, GZ or tag is in here like that. 00:35.050 --> 00:41.350 Um, so we have these two here, these two, uh, here. 00:41.980 --> 00:47.110 Uh, which uses extension tosh these to here. 00:47.320 --> 00:54.310 Actually, this is not separate and we have compress, uh, compress here. 00:54.520 --> 00:58.570 And this is that he uses the Taj Z here like that. 00:59.080 --> 01:05.980 So the these all are capable of compressing our files, but they use different compression algorithms 01:05.980 --> 01:08.080 and have different compression ratios. 01:08.620 --> 01:13.960 So therefore we will look at each one and what it's capable of in general. 01:14.000 --> 01:17.380 You know, compress is the fastest, compress is the fastest. 01:17.560 --> 01:25.090 But the result those files are larger, larger, so easy tool is the tool here is a obvious, but the 01:25.090 --> 01:31.690 resultant files are the Somalis and GZ files somewhere in between. 01:31.940 --> 01:38.260 Fast the compress and peace to the main reason you as budding kicker. 01:38.470 --> 01:42.130 You should know all three Maytals methods is not. 01:42.130 --> 01:47.110 When accessing other tools, you will run into various types of compression. 01:47.490 --> 01:50.620 Therefore, this section shows you how to deal with them. 01:50.890 --> 01:58.840 Main methods of compression so they accomplish compression with GCP, and I will show you. 01:59.380 --> 02:00.130 So let's right. 02:00.370 --> 02:03.820 Uh, g zip Jeannie, you zip here first. 02:03.940 --> 02:10.930 Um, and as is the most commonly used compression utility in Linux, so it's popular in Linux, so you 02:10.930 --> 02:11.650 can compress. 02:12.010 --> 02:18.490 Um, I'll take this project, uh, tar file by entering, uh, def here, for example. 02:20.490 --> 02:25.560 Let's delete our town files here, and let's complete new products in. 02:27.340 --> 02:31.630 ASAP here, tick beans and. 02:32.610 --> 02:34.650 Uh, one tour operator here. 02:37.800 --> 02:40.800 So by entering here and let's enter. 02:42.470 --> 02:43.430 And that helps. 02:44.150 --> 02:46.510 And as you can see here, which is it. 02:46.850 --> 02:48.020 And so. 02:56.970 --> 02:58.170 As you can see here. 02:59.090 --> 03:00.380 And it's open here. 03:01.830 --> 03:04.290 So we have seen huge file here. 03:05.360 --> 03:06.620 And we have. 03:14.650 --> 03:16.960 Actually, let's return our. 03:19.010 --> 03:26.840 Take spins project from Trashier, because we I will do some example here. 03:27.260 --> 03:32.930 So let's anticipate as well here and uh, to commence. 03:34.810 --> 03:37.450 And take this one here and take this. 03:37.780 --> 03:40.510 The latest tech business here, so we can. 03:42.480 --> 03:48.930 We can compress these, uh, these compressed file to bust this action that compress it's just carried 03:48.930 --> 03:55.590 and the file is not reduced here, so we can reduce this file here, for example, unless unless you 03:55.590 --> 03:57.330 consider it, let's copy it here. 03:57.750 --> 04:00.780 See Page Take Bins Project here. 04:01.530 --> 04:03.750 Take Bins Project. 04:04.750 --> 04:06.520 And tech being. 04:07.990 --> 04:14.700 Take things for the clear three year war wrecked year in. 04:15.990 --> 04:17.890 Or just like that copy. 04:18.790 --> 04:20.920 But Typekit else. 04:21.610 --> 04:23.020 So we created a copy of it. 04:24.130 --> 04:31.520 So let's give our take advanced project, which means project clear and take this project. 04:32.170 --> 04:39.010 So as you can see here, take this project tarrier touches us, so we copy that. 04:39.040 --> 04:41.170 So now Alice in here. 04:41.740 --> 04:42.010 So. 04:43.310 --> 04:47.420 As you can see, here are file size is reduced to. 04:49.210 --> 04:56.800 My significant amount, so let's say that we used, uh, before, uh, of it, we used to build card 04:56.800 --> 04:58.240 operator years. 04:59.440 --> 05:01.990 Let me show you here. 05:02.770 --> 05:10.390 So, uh, this tells Lennox that the coal mines filled apply to any file that begins with thick pins, 05:10.840 --> 05:17.590 uh, within file extension, you will use similar notation, uh, for the following samples when you 05:17.590 --> 05:21.760 read too long listing on the directory we can use take bins. 05:21.760 --> 05:24.300 Tar has been replaced by here. 05:24.430 --> 05:27.850 Uh, take this project tar to, uh, take this project. 05:27.870 --> 05:30.520 Tar GZ here we carried around a file. 05:30.550 --> 05:32.380 Uh, like that's just a copy here. 05:32.680 --> 05:40.360 So as you can see, this pint sized is sized is, um, use significant amount almost less calculated, 05:40.900 --> 05:46.570 uh, three nine nine three six zero and write to. 05:49.920 --> 05:53.730 As you can see here, the file size is up. 05:56.550 --> 06:01.470 Sized, um, actually one hundred seven to eight times. 06:03.760 --> 06:04.690 Uh, so. 06:06.760 --> 06:17.230 We can then then compress that world by using the Guns Zapier command concept short for a gene you unzip 06:17.230 --> 06:17.860 comment. 06:18.320 --> 06:19.880 Hear hear. 06:20.020 --> 06:21.670 Gene Ann's opinion. 06:22.450 --> 06:23.270 So J. 06:23.350 --> 06:25.300 Ansip, take things. 06:25.720 --> 06:33.100 Uh, Project Project Parcheesi here and let's do it and here. 06:33.610 --> 06:35.080 So we unzipped here. 06:35.080 --> 06:39.550 As you can see, there is a Node.js extension of it here and our file size. 06:39.550 --> 06:41.530 It's turned the same here. 06:42.130 --> 06:49.240 So once uncompressed it on compress, the file is no longer saved the entire GS6 extension. 06:50.140 --> 06:55.510 But with the town extension, is that so awesome to see that it's returned to its original size? 06:56.210 --> 06:57.160 Uh, here. 07:00.270 --> 07:06.870 And try doing a long list to confirm this, it's for, um, not nothing than the Jesus panels to be 07:06.870 --> 07:08.160 used except zip file. 07:08.160 --> 07:08.550 See it. 07:09.570 --> 07:10.590 Uh, so. 07:11.720 --> 07:18.210 We have become compressed, as I said earlier, if to and here and there, often all the. 07:18.850 --> 07:25.120 Use compression utilities and Lennox is busy too, which works similarly to Jersey but has better compression 07:25.120 --> 07:29.950 ratios, meaning that the resulting file will even be smaller than that here. 07:30.550 --> 07:33.040 Actually, we closed that Coakley tonight, right? 07:34.340 --> 07:38.540 Oh, yes, because that calculator and a calculator here. 07:38.960 --> 07:49.430 So now we will zipped these files again here, so be easy to, uh, take Bill's project that heart here 07:50.120 --> 07:52.310 and the list and click here. 07:52.320 --> 07:57.050 As you can see here, it's almost four hundred eighty eight bytes here. 07:57.590 --> 08:03.170 So now that's calculated 10 nine nine three six zero. 08:04.820 --> 08:09.140 And divide by four eight eight. 08:09.140 --> 08:15.110 Here, as you can see, there is almost eight hundred, um, eighteen times. 08:16.790 --> 08:26.420 Um, our file is smaller than our general file, so but in a previous case, it was one hundred more 08:26.420 --> 08:30.290 than one hundred, uh, seventeen here, seventeen here. 08:30.680 --> 08:33.590 So uh, when you uh. 08:34.960 --> 08:42.520 To a long listing, and you can see the bishop has compress the file just, uh, down to of Solomon 08:42.520 --> 08:47.380 by sea announcement that the file extension is no to be easy to hear. 08:47.830 --> 08:57.310 So to uncompressed the compressed file used in, uh, b unzip tool and take this project to be easy 08:57.310 --> 08:57.910 to hear. 08:58.300 --> 08:59.950 And this s here. 08:59.980 --> 09:03.640 And as you can see it on file sizes here. 09:04.810 --> 09:05.170 So. 09:06.520 --> 09:10.810 We can use the compress and this will I want to show you lastly here. 09:11.680 --> 09:12.760 Uh, so. 09:16.430 --> 09:22.160 The compress, um, the final, you can use the compressed air to compress the file here. 09:22.610 --> 09:28.010 This is probably the least commonly used compression utility, but it's easy to remember to use it. 09:28.340 --> 09:32.370 Simply enter the compress pulled by the file name. 09:32.390 --> 09:41.150 For example, take tech year project that Tanya here and its out here. 09:41.330 --> 09:47.450 And as you can see, it's not much of compression here, as I said earlier in line nine three six zero. 09:48.380 --> 09:53.110 They might be, uh, twelve four hundred and twenty years. 09:53.720 --> 09:57.630 And as you can see here, it's smaller than just, uh, thirty one times here. 09:58.100 --> 10:03.050 So not the not that the compression utility reduced size of file. 10:03.080 --> 10:04.880 Um, here. 10:04.880 --> 10:10.940 Uh, also that the file extension now is part z here with the uppercase zero. 10:11.660 --> 10:19.880 So to decompress the same file, just compress, you know, just use uncompressed here and compress 10:19.880 --> 10:25.130 here and then your file name, thick pins project that's here. 10:25.910 --> 10:28.880 And oh, as well. 10:34.390 --> 10:34.650 Yeah. 10:35.710 --> 10:42.580 So you can also use the genes, if you knew what was a command with files that have been compressed, 10:42.700 --> 10:45.790 uh, with compress commentate. 10:46.090 --> 10:54.070 Just keep in mind so we can create a bit by bit or physical copies of the storage devices as well here, 10:54.610 --> 11:01.270 uh, just within the world of information security and hacking while archiving common sense, uh, above 11:01.270 --> 11:11.200 the list in its usefulness so that the the command makes a bit by bit copy of a file, a file system 11:11.200 --> 11:14.350 would have an entire entire hard drive here. 11:14.800 --> 11:17.650 So this means that anyone deleted files are copied. 11:17.860 --> 11:24.490 Yes, it's important to know that your deleted files may be recovered or recoverable near making for 11:24.490 --> 11:26.710 easy discovery and recovery. 11:27.280 --> 11:31.960 So deleted files will not be copied with the most logical copying utilities such as them. 11:32.740 --> 11:42.160 Copy here and um, one once a hacker has owned a target system that they deem common with all of them, 11:42.490 --> 11:47.230 uh, to copy the entire hard drive or a storage device to their system. 11:47.920 --> 11:55.030 So in addition, those people whose job is to catch hackers, namely forensic investigators, will likely 11:55.030 --> 12:01.240 use it is common to make a physical copy of the hard drive with related files and other artifacts that 12:01.240 --> 12:04.840 might be useful for finding evidence against a hacker. 12:05.500 --> 12:11.170 It's critical to note that the DDR command shall not be used for typical day to day copying of files 12:11.170 --> 12:13.900 and storage devices because it's very small here. 12:14.320 --> 12:18.130 Other commands to, uh, do the job faster and more efficiently. 12:18.640 --> 12:25.150 So it is through the excellent when you copy it, when you need a copy of a storage device without filesystem 12:25.150 --> 12:29.800 or other logical structures, such as in a forensic investigation here. 12:30.130 --> 12:35.590 So they give is the input file here in the input file. 12:36.280 --> 12:40.090 Uh, here and off is the output file. 12:41.080 --> 12:48.190 So if you wanted to make the physical copy of your flash drive, assuming your flash drive is, uh, 12:48.220 --> 12:56.170 8TB here and then input file is going a bit dev SDB, this is your flashback flash drive and output 12:56.170 --> 13:00.160 file is your the file, which you want to copy bit by bit. 13:00.160 --> 13:09.980 Your flash drive here is in this case, for example, it will then form here Carly and our flash copy 13:10.820 --> 13:13.050 copy security secrets here. 13:14.470 --> 13:16.140 And let's, uh, here. 13:16.240 --> 13:18.930 So let's, uh, break down this comment. 13:18.960 --> 13:22.240 You so tidy your physical copy command. 13:22.870 --> 13:31.390 So if this is your input file and with they, Steber is representing your flash drive in the category 13:31.870 --> 13:34.600 directory and off here. 13:34.840 --> 13:36.580 The desired design. 13:36.580 --> 13:37.990 That's your output file. 13:38.350 --> 13:40.090 And uh, here. 13:40.120 --> 13:42.020 Uh, roll it home call. 13:42.030 --> 13:46.270 The secret here is the name of, uh, the file you want. 13:46.270 --> 13:54.670 Copy to the bicycle copy to form a complete explanation of the Linux system design, uh, design item 13:54.670 --> 13:55.780 or authorize. 13:56.110 --> 13:58.810 It will be discussed in the later lectures you. 14:02.630 --> 14:09.590 So Linux has a number of commands to enable you to combine and compress your files for easier transfer. 14:10.560 --> 14:17.160 So therefore, campaigning for a star is the command of choice, and you have at least three utilities 14:17.160 --> 14:18.360 for compressing files. 14:18.540 --> 14:27.300 These are GZIP peasy to and compress, so are with different compression ratios so that the command 14:27.300 --> 14:29.260 goes above and beyond. 14:29.550 --> 14:36.500 It enables you to make a physical copy of storage devices without a logical structure, such as a file 14:36.510 --> 14:40.860 system, allowing you to recover such artifacts as deleted files.