WEBVTT 00:00.760 --> 00:01.750 Data transmission. 00:02.730 --> 00:10.560 Let's briefly look at how data is transferred from one node to another using the IP is data Graham IP 00:10.560 --> 00:12.150 stating encapsulation. 00:12.450 --> 00:21.470 So now I want to create another illustration live here for a better understanding, so let's compare. 00:22.900 --> 00:23.380 Here. 00:24.770 --> 00:26.270 Actually, it's OK. 00:27.960 --> 00:28.920 There's an uncomfortable. 00:29.940 --> 00:30.230 Yeah. 00:31.730 --> 00:34.000 This is our first personal computers. 00:34.430 --> 00:36.500 We have this switch here. 00:37.400 --> 00:38.480 Uh, your name. 00:45.570 --> 00:46.410 Which is. 00:48.180 --> 00:52.950 And actually not Sue, it's and let's make it more realistic. 00:54.010 --> 00:57.430 OK, let's put it here, uh, rather. 00:59.030 --> 01:00.620 Consider this as a switch. 01:01.340 --> 01:05.570 And let's hear another comforter, let's copy it. 01:07.890 --> 01:08.400 OK. 01:09.930 --> 01:10.320 Here. 01:12.560 --> 01:15.290 And let's actually. 01:20.980 --> 01:24.210 And it's another example that I'd love to hear. 01:30.150 --> 01:30.400 It. 01:31.710 --> 01:33.100 And this is our laptop. 01:33.300 --> 01:40.170 So let's give an IP address and the Mac address to these machines here. 01:40.740 --> 01:43.830 So for example, let's make it here. 01:49.010 --> 01:50.990 This is, uh, let's make it. 01:54.500 --> 01:57.260 One hundred ninety two point. 01:59.250 --> 02:07.600 One hundred one hundred ninety two point one x sixty eight point, uh, for example, one point one 02:07.600 --> 02:14.740 hundred here make it with a bolt here and let's make this here. 02:15.340 --> 02:15.860 Um. 02:17.210 --> 02:21.440 Well, not 100, because they are the same network. 02:22.010 --> 02:26.030 We will make it, uh, 101. 02:27.150 --> 02:31.380 Here, and let's give an address to it here of. 02:32.830 --> 02:33.910 Mac address. 02:35.770 --> 02:43.300 Mac here, my brother's will be, uh, one one zero zero two two. 02:44.180 --> 02:49.880 A two, an example, b three and five, five, five five. 02:50.300 --> 02:54.500 And this is the IP IP version four address. 02:54.830 --> 03:01.150 Yes, it's in fact it's an IP version four address and it's assigned. 03:01.160 --> 03:02.720 And so we will not assign this. 03:02.870 --> 03:07.130 Um, my brother is yet and. 03:08.980 --> 03:10.860 Let's add another here. 03:12.140 --> 03:12.400 Right. 03:12.560 --> 03:14.540 She voted for. 03:16.460 --> 03:24.620 Get rid of her here and change these to, for example, 50. 03:25.700 --> 03:26.060 Yes. 03:27.360 --> 03:34.170 50 analysts gave a Mac address to it, just different Mac address here, because many countries are 03:34.170 --> 03:34.930 unique. 03:34.980 --> 03:40.290 But you can change Mac addresses, uh, not only your hardware, but software away. 03:40.800 --> 03:50.940 So for example, six six seven seven eight eight a b, a b, um c d three three here, for example, 03:50.940 --> 03:55.230 this is the Mac address, and this is the IPv4 address of our computers. 03:55.950 --> 03:59.850 So, uh, what is real here? 04:14.360 --> 04:20.180 So now we will create actually connections on it. 04:20.780 --> 04:21.180 Yes. 04:21.200 --> 04:21.530 Oops. 04:22.760 --> 04:24.860 It's cocaine and drug here. 04:25.670 --> 04:35.300 So, um, actually that's connected to is this and linked with this power? 04:36.140 --> 04:41.510 Connect this computer to this and this to this. 04:42.900 --> 04:47.100 So in this example, they're not here. 04:47.250 --> 04:55.440 This is not here to IP address, one hundred ninety two point one hundred eighty six point one point 04:55.440 --> 05:02.870 one hundred one wants to send data using the IP protocol to the node at this computer. 05:03.330 --> 05:09.930 Um, which i with the IPO, there's four hundred ninety two point one hundred eighty six point one point 05:09.930 --> 05:10.350 fifty. 05:11.160 --> 05:19.230 So the switch device, these four words Ethernet frames between all nodes on the network. 05:19.410 --> 05:24.570 So the Switch doesn't need an IP address because it operates only at the link there. 05:24.720 --> 05:25.410 In this case. 05:25.650 --> 05:30.410 Actually, this is not a switch or really switch is switch switch here. 05:31.210 --> 05:32.820 So which is this? 05:33.330 --> 05:34.290 It's not a router. 05:34.290 --> 05:35.550 It's routers switch. 05:36.120 --> 05:36.720 This is a switch. 05:51.190 --> 05:51.550 So. 05:53.050 --> 06:01.670 Here's what takes place to send data between the two knots, so the operating system network gets a 06:01.740 --> 06:09.700 stack mode here, encapsulates the application and transports layers, data and pulls an IP packet with 06:09.700 --> 06:15.880 the source address of 100 actually 100. 06:17.930 --> 06:25.910 One hundred source address of 192.168.1.1 hundred to one. 06:26.630 --> 06:33.830 And how did this nation address of one hundred twenty two point one hundred eighty six eight one hundred 06:33.830 --> 06:36.410 sixty eight point one point fifty. 06:37.400 --> 06:43.970 So the operation, then the operating system can at this point encapsulate the IP data as an eternal 06:43.980 --> 06:44.450 frame. 06:45.260 --> 06:52.730 So but it might not know the Mac address of the target to not so it can request a Mac address for a 06:52.730 --> 07:00.290 particular IP address using the address resolution protocol e r p here. 07:00.290 --> 07:09.860 Let's mention it here a r p is address resolution protocol here. 07:12.260 --> 07:22.040 So, which sends a request to all nodes on the network to find Mac address, uh, all for the destination 07:22.040 --> 07:31.610 IP address and then, uh, once not at uh, this receives are actually not these amounts. 07:31.970 --> 07:32.240 Yes. 07:32.390 --> 07:38.660 Once this computer receives a r p response, it can build the frame. 07:39.320 --> 07:41.000 So there's a real sense. 07:41.000 --> 07:49.730 And the source other is to the local Mac address of these eleven point and zero zero two to A to B three 07:49.730 --> 07:50.210 and fifty. 07:50.360 --> 07:53.930 So this is a this is to this source address. 07:54.350 --> 07:57.390 So this will assign it to the destination address. 07:57.390 --> 08:05.420 So six six seven seven eight eight a b, c d three three and then the frame is transmitted on the network 08:05.420 --> 08:08.000 and is received by Switch. 08:09.840 --> 08:10.380 So. 08:12.040 --> 08:19.030 And finally, the switch forwards, the frame to this nation load, which unpacks the IP packet and 08:19.030 --> 08:21.940 verifies that the destination IP address matches. 08:22.150 --> 08:29.830 So then the IP pilot data is extracted and passes up the stack to be received by the waiting application.