WEBVTT 00:01.130 --> 00:04.910 To see these three character types in action. 00:04.910 --> 00:06.950 We will code some script here. 00:06.950 --> 00:13.550 So firstly, we will create the table and let's name it character data types, right? 00:13.550 --> 00:22.430 So create table and name it MyCar or yeah, character data types. 00:22.700 --> 00:23.810 Character. 00:24.590 --> 00:26.240 Data archives. 00:26.240 --> 00:28.100 And here we will add character. 00:28.100 --> 00:32.300 I will explain all of this with column Character is going to be ten. 00:33.860 --> 00:36.950 And the character after that is Comma. 00:37.220 --> 00:39.140 So our character. 00:40.970 --> 00:49.220 Var character column is going to be var character type, also ten and we will also add text. 00:49.220 --> 00:54.050 So text column column is going to be text. 00:54.500 --> 01:03.770 Just a text here and we will not define size because as we told, as I as you learned in previous lecture, 01:03.770 --> 01:11.330 that variable length column of text is has unlimited length. 01:11.330 --> 01:15.680 So that's why we didn't wrote anything onto this. 01:16.040 --> 01:26.260 And here we will use after that we will insert here, insert into character, oops, insert into car 01:27.080 --> 01:34.880 card data types, types and values insert into values of. 01:35.590 --> 01:37.630 A, B, C, for example. 01:37.660 --> 01:38.350 That's it. 01:38.380 --> 01:39.040 A, B, C. 01:39.400 --> 01:42.490 And after that, we will also enter ABC again. 01:42.520 --> 01:44.830 ABC again and ABC again. 01:47.440 --> 01:52.960 And that's actually due in part to my pen ink here. 01:53.930 --> 02:00.800 And here we will also after that we will add a comma, and after that we will also add the DFG. 02:01.790 --> 02:04.170 The a f g def. 02:06.680 --> 02:07.820 We'll copy that. 02:09.730 --> 02:10.870 Yes, again. 02:12.320 --> 02:12.680 That's it. 02:13.840 --> 02:14.350 That's it. 02:14.350 --> 02:14.680 Here. 02:14.680 --> 02:16.360 And we will copy. 02:16.630 --> 02:17.470 Copy. 02:18.620 --> 02:21.800 Uh, character data types. 02:23.680 --> 02:26.940 To and we will set the directory here. 02:26.950 --> 02:34.090 In this case, we can also set our directory into the desktop I guess. 02:34.090 --> 02:36.160 Yeah, we can use the desktop here. 02:36.160 --> 02:36.790 We will. 02:38.570 --> 02:43.490 Instead of this, we can also go to this and users Oxley. 02:45.190 --> 02:48.850 And after that, we'll add desktop here. 02:49.360 --> 02:49.930 That's it. 02:49.930 --> 02:55.060 And copy this to our desktop and after that. 02:55.060 --> 02:57.970 So of course we need to write this in quotes. 02:58.920 --> 02:59.770 Like this. 03:01.710 --> 03:02.670 Because of the stick. 03:02.670 --> 03:11.040 And here we will add width format csv, csv either. 03:12.270 --> 03:14.640 And we will also add the limiter. 03:14.670 --> 03:16.650 The limiter is going to be this. 03:18.080 --> 03:18.360 Pipe. 03:18.890 --> 03:19.650 That's it. 03:19.670 --> 03:21.050 So here. 03:21.950 --> 03:25.730 We define three character columns in this. 03:26.580 --> 03:27.930 Yeah, actually, that's me. 03:29.310 --> 03:30.270 Leather here. 03:30.270 --> 03:30.990 Leather here. 03:30.990 --> 03:32.330 So, see more? 03:32.730 --> 03:33.100 Yes. 03:33.120 --> 03:33.900 Perfect. 03:34.060 --> 03:34.560 Right. 03:35.720 --> 03:39.030 And open the can also jinxx. 03:39.230 --> 03:39.890 Perfect. 03:39.980 --> 03:44.360 So here we define three character columns here. 03:47.510 --> 03:53.960 Um, and this we define the three character columns of different types and insert two rows of the same 03:53.960 --> 03:58.040 string into, into each year after that. 03:58.160 --> 03:59.060 That's it. 04:00.290 --> 04:06.770 And unlike the insert into statement you learned in previous lectures here, we are not specifying the 04:06.770 --> 04:07.850 names of the columns. 04:07.850 --> 04:13.670 So if the value statements match the number of the columns in the table, the database will assume you 04:13.670 --> 04:17.330 are inserting the values in order the column definitions here. 04:17.330 --> 04:23.660 So in this case the ABC first ABC goes to the character column, the second goes to VARCHAR and the 04:23.660 --> 04:26.030 third goes to text here. 04:26.030 --> 04:37.280 So next we use the PostgreSQL copy, keyword copy keyword to export the data to a text file named desk. 04:37.820 --> 04:49.190 We didn't actually use the task text file here, so my new lecture dot text file and here we will add. 04:49.280 --> 04:58.820 So we are exporting the data to a text file named my new lecture in a directory of desktop here. 04:59.060 --> 04:59.870 So. 05:00.830 --> 05:06.800 And you will need to replace your directory with the full path to the directory on your computer where 05:06.800 --> 05:08.660 you want to save that file. 05:08.660 --> 05:15.230 And the examples in this course, use the Windows formats, which is use backslash between the folders 05:15.230 --> 05:21.500 and file names and the path directory on the C drive. 05:21.500 --> 05:24.470 So if you are using Linux, you should write something like this. 05:24.470 --> 05:33.110 For example, Home Oxley desktop and my text file dot txt like this. 05:33.140 --> 05:38.600 In this case we are on Windows, so that's why we write the backslash and see this here. 05:39.020 --> 05:46.100 So Windows user must set permissions for the destination folder according here and now. 05:46.100 --> 05:47.690 Let's run this here. 05:48.460 --> 05:55.180 And as you can see here, we got an error because of the syntax at or near here. 05:55.360 --> 05:57.880 So that's because of the reduce. 05:57.910 --> 05:59.740 We need to use this. 06:01.220 --> 06:02.440 Parentheses instead of this. 06:03.760 --> 06:03.900 I. 06:04.600 --> 06:06.040 And we also have syntax errors. 06:06.070 --> 06:07.900 Of course, we we don't need that. 06:10.430 --> 06:15.130 Insert into character syntax error at once. 06:16.210 --> 06:18.020 So could not open the file. 06:18.040 --> 06:19.150 Permission denied. 06:19.180 --> 06:22.930 That's the error that I wanted to show you here. 06:22.930 --> 06:28.000 So now we're going to fix that error via our permission is denied now. 06:29.820 --> 06:33.220 And here, as you can see here, we got this error here. 06:33.240 --> 06:37.530 So in order to fix that, you will go to your the destination folder. 06:37.530 --> 06:40.920 In this case, it's a desktop, my new lecture. 06:40.920 --> 06:46.740 And here we will right click on that, click on properties and click on security. 06:47.100 --> 06:50.190 And here we will use edit. 06:52.440 --> 06:55.320 And here we will write everyone. 06:55.440 --> 06:57.120 Everyone click on. 06:57.120 --> 06:57.870 Okay. 06:57.960 --> 07:01.560 And here you will have this options here. 07:01.740 --> 07:06.210 So you will allow the modify and click on apply. 07:06.210 --> 07:10.050 In this case, this might ask some questions here. 07:10.260 --> 07:10.740 Just click on. 07:10.740 --> 07:12.750 Continue, continue. 07:13.110 --> 07:13.980 Continue. 07:14.400 --> 07:14.850 Continue. 07:14.850 --> 07:18.480 Again 4 or 5 times it might ask you. 07:27.280 --> 07:27.880 That's it. 07:28.760 --> 07:29.540 Here now. 07:29.540 --> 07:34.100 Our error will be fixed now and click on this. 07:35.210 --> 07:40.930 As you can see here, we got successfully returned from our query. 07:40.940 --> 07:44.780 So now we're going to go to as you can see, our file is here, right? 07:44.780 --> 07:45.920 So click on that. 07:45.920 --> 07:50.390 And as you can see, we are brought to that here. 07:50.390 --> 07:57.050 So in PostgreSQL here, I will also explain this. 07:57.810 --> 08:01.200 Let's actually open with the Visual Studio. 08:01.800 --> 08:03.630 Now Visual Visual Studio code. 08:05.580 --> 08:05.850 Here. 08:05.850 --> 08:10.080 We will right click on that open with Visual Studio code. 08:11.160 --> 08:11.630 That's it. 08:11.640 --> 08:22.290 So in PostgreSQL, the copy table from here, the copy table name copy card data types to. 08:23.580 --> 08:25.560 And copy from. 08:27.000 --> 08:30.580 Is the input function and the copy table name character. 08:31.110 --> 08:36.690 Two is the export function, so I will cover them in depth in next lectures. 08:36.690 --> 08:43.470 For now, all you need to know that is that here we have character table insert into copy to. 08:44.420 --> 08:45.860 And here and width here. 08:45.860 --> 08:54.320 So you will also make sure that so this width keyword options will format the data in the file with 08:54.320 --> 08:59.180 each column separated by this pipe character. 08:59.180 --> 09:07.370 So that way you can easily see where spaces fill out the unused part of the column. 09:07.370 --> 09:16.820 So to see the output you open the our mining lecture that takes or whatever your file name in that case. 09:16.820 --> 09:22.520 So here, as you can see here, one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten. 09:22.550 --> 09:30.020 We have ten characters and almost one, two, three, four spaces and here we have ten characters as 09:30.020 --> 09:30.380 well. 09:30.380 --> 09:32.420 And here we have seven spaces. 09:32.510 --> 09:39.680 So even though you specify ten characters for both of the char character and var character columns only 09:39.680 --> 09:45.240 the car columns outputs ten characters in both rows. 09:45.240 --> 09:47.100 Here you can see here. 09:47.970 --> 09:51.090 So padding and use characters with spaces, as you can see here. 09:51.090 --> 09:55.410 But in other cases there is no such practice, right? 09:55.500 --> 10:01.140 So again, there is no real performance difference among the three types, although this example shows 10:01.140 --> 10:05.730 the character car can potentially consume more storage. 10:06.900 --> 10:10.050 This can potentially consume more storage. 10:11.710 --> 10:15.880 Then, um, other, uh, characters here. 10:15.880 --> 10:20.380 So then actually that's not needed in most cases. 10:20.380 --> 10:27.220 So if you use spaces in each column might seem negligible, but multiplying that over millions of rows 10:27.220 --> 10:31.900 in dozens of tables and you will soon wish you had the more economical. 10:31.900 --> 10:38.230 So I need I tend to use text on all my character columns. 10:38.650 --> 10:45.250 This text here that saves me from having to configure maximum length for multiple character columns 10:45.250 --> 10:53.410 and means I won't need to modify a table later if the requirements for a character column change.