WEBVTT - This file was automatically generated by VIMEO 1 00:00:08.700 --> 00:00:11.700 So, let's kick off this smart. City course with 2 00:00:11.700 --> 00:00:14.600 super important, topic called Smart Energy. 3 00:00:14.100 --> 00:00:17.700 And in this section, I will be introducing you 4 00:00:17.700 --> 00:00:20.200 to the context history Concepts in the 5 00:00:20.200 --> 00:00:24.200 security risks facing the Smart Energy sector, and 6 00:00:23.200 --> 00:00:26.700 what it means for your city and 7 00:00:26.800 --> 00:00:29.700 more specifically, what it means for 8 00:00:29.700 --> 00:00:31.900 you to help secure it. 9 00:00:33.200 --> 00:00:36.500 So cities are demanding a lot of energy and over the years. 10 00:00:36.500 --> 00:00:39.900 The energy consumption from cities has skyrocketed and 11 00:00:39.100 --> 00:00:42.500 the lied up until now mostly in 12 00:00:42.500 --> 00:00:45.800 fossil fuels that are obviously polluting 13 00:00:45.800 --> 00:00:49.700 our environments in our cities and obviously 14 00:00:48.200 --> 00:00:51.300 changes needed from 15 00:00:51.300 --> 00:00:54.800 our city leaders, energy industry and producers Distributors 16 00:00:54.400 --> 00:00:58.200 and even designers and energy entrepreneurs. So 17 00:00:58.200 --> 00:01:02.200 in this section, I'm going to be talking about a lot of these Concepts and 18 00:01:03.700 --> 00:01:06.600 What these kinds of things mean for keeping 19 00:01:06.600 --> 00:01:09.900 our cities more secure 20 00:01:09.900 --> 00:01:11.700 and energy independent? 21 00:01:12.800 --> 00:01:15.600 So let's start right out of the gate and just 22 00:01:15.700 --> 00:01:18.700 understand that seas are demanding a lot of 23 00:01:18.700 --> 00:01:19.300 energy. 24 00:01:20.400 --> 00:01:23.900 And to illustrate that fact, there's some importance 25 00:01:23.300 --> 00:01:26.200 kinds of fun facts that 26 00:01:26.200 --> 00:01:29.100 you need to know that. Obviously as I 27 00:01:29.100 --> 00:01:32.700 talked about in the last section that the global population, as 28 00:01:32.700 --> 00:01:35.400 of today is all you 29 00:01:35.400 --> 00:01:39.100 know, somewhere between 50 to 60 percent 30 00:01:38.900 --> 00:01:41.400 urbanized. And 31 00:01:41.400 --> 00:01:44.500 so that's creating a lot of stress to supply the energy 32 00:01:44.500 --> 00:01:47.200 demands for the citizens and the businesses in the 33 00:01:47.200 --> 00:01:50.100 industries. And then what's 34 00:01:50.300 --> 00:01:53.700 Both supporters at 75% of the energy consumption. 35 00:01:53.700 --> 00:01:56.400 Today is also coming from 36 00:01:56.400 --> 00:01:59.800 cities. So that's a huge proportion of 37 00:01:59.600 --> 00:02:02.800 consume, energy consumption is 38 00:02:02.800 --> 00:02:05.700 taking place within our cities loan and 39 00:02:05.700 --> 00:02:09.300 last section. I talked about who those cities are and 40 00:02:08.700 --> 00:02:11.700 it's becoming more epidemic takes 41 00:02:11.700 --> 00:02:15.200 exponential and that in that sense. And 42 00:02:14.500 --> 00:02:18.000 what's also important to know. Is that the CO2 emissions, 43 00:02:17.400 --> 00:02:20.100 the air that makes our city 44 00:02:20.200 --> 00:02:23.500 He's kind of stinky and smelly and 45 00:02:23.100 --> 00:02:26.700 unhealthy that 46 00:02:26.700 --> 00:02:29.900 they come from cities and they attribute 47 00:02:29.900 --> 00:02:32.500 to the seventy-five percent of the CO2 emissions alone 48 00:02:32.500 --> 00:02:36.300 on the global energy use. And that's a really important 49 00:02:35.700 --> 00:02:39.000 discussion to have about how 50 00:02:38.100 --> 00:02:41.700 we can transition from 51 00:02:41.900 --> 00:02:44.800 the fossil fuels to the more renewable 52 00:02:44.800 --> 00:02:46.500 and the green kinds of sources. 53 00:02:47.900 --> 00:02:50.500 So let's put some things 54 00:02:50.500 --> 00:02:53.500 into context. Let's look at the energy past present and 55 00:02:53.500 --> 00:02:57.100 future. So dialing, back to 1850, 56 00:02:56.900 --> 00:02:59.800 the cities became, especially 57 00:02:59.800 --> 00:03:03.200 in the western kinds of economies relied 58 00:03:02.200 --> 00:03:05.400 heavily on the biomass has, right? So 59 00:03:05.400 --> 00:03:08.500 the coals and the woods and things to fuel the factories and 60 00:03:08.500 --> 00:03:11.400 feel the homes and things like that. And 61 00:03:11.400 --> 00:03:15.200 then Eureka there was a oil, 62 00:03:14.200 --> 00:03:16.300 was the new gold. 63 00:03:17.400 --> 00:03:20.700 And there was this kind of global expansion to 64 00:03:20.500 --> 00:03:24.200 transform that type of liquid into 65 00:03:23.400 --> 00:03:26.300 energy sources for 66 00:03:26.300 --> 00:03:29.800 transportation and any 67 00:03:29.800 --> 00:03:32.400 Home Heating and so forth and 68 00:03:32.400 --> 00:03:36.200 fast-forward to 1950. And all 69 00:03:36.200 --> 00:03:39.500 of a sudden, there's this kind of huge spike 70 00:03:39.500 --> 00:03:42.600 in the way that we live and the 71 00:03:42.600 --> 00:03:45.700 energy demands that are 72 00:03:45.100 --> 00:03:46.900 increasing. 73 00:03:47.300 --> 00:03:50.400 In terms of the the heating or the, the power, or 74 00:03:50.400 --> 00:03:54.400 the lighting in our homes, in our cities as 75 00:03:53.400 --> 00:03:56.300 we fast forward to today. We 76 00:03:56.300 --> 00:03:59.700 see huge uptake in the Renewables in the Energy Mix. So 77 00:03:59.700 --> 00:04:02.200 even though we're not some countries of course 78 00:04:02.200 --> 00:04:05.400 are much closer, but most countries are really far 79 00:04:05.400 --> 00:04:08.800 away from becoming energy, completely 80 00:04:08.800 --> 00:04:12.700 energy, independent, and energy positive. 81 00:04:12.200 --> 00:04:15.200 And so we have to kind of think about what 82 00:04:15.200 --> 00:04:16.800 are those Technologies Solutions? 83 00:04:17.300 --> 00:04:20.700 S that are working today to solve 84 00:04:20.100 --> 00:04:22.800 a lot of these feature problems tomorrow? 85 00:04:24.600 --> 00:04:27.200 So, for example, I'm 86 00:04:27.200 --> 00:04:30.900 going to introduce you now to a whole Gambit 87 00:04:30.900 --> 00:04:33.600 of different combinations of 88 00:04:33.600 --> 00:04:36.300 energy for good and bad but it's important for 89 00:04:36.300 --> 00:04:39.600 you. I know you don't all come from energy 90 00:04:39.600 --> 00:04:42.400 sector, Smart City sector or design 91 00:04:42.400 --> 00:04:45.900 sectors, but it's important for everybody to understand it 92 00:04:45.900 --> 00:04:49.400 very the diversity of different energy 93 00:04:48.500 --> 00:04:51.500 sources that are powering our 94 00:04:51.500 --> 00:04:52.100 cities today. 95 00:04:53.500 --> 00:04:56.700 So, the most obvious 96 00:04:56.700 --> 00:05:00.300 one, the most popular one is the fossil fuels. So 97 00:04:59.300 --> 00:05:02.400 the the energy that we're 98 00:05:02.400 --> 00:05:05.700 extracting from Earth, that is millions of years old, 99 00:05:05.100 --> 00:05:08.600 can be manifested 100 00:05:08.600 --> 00:05:11.300 in burning, coal or natural gas 101 00:05:11.300 --> 00:05:14.400 and oils. Nuclear is 102 00:05:14.400 --> 00:05:17.300 a obviously a good one 103 00:05:17.300 --> 00:05:20.900 because it doesn't pollute the air or the crate 104 00:05:20.900 --> 00:05:22.500 climate change per se. 105 00:05:23.300 --> 00:05:26.200 But a lot of these nuclear reactors are, of 106 00:05:26.200 --> 00:05:29.100 course, producing lots of toxic waste. So we 107 00:05:29.100 --> 00:05:32.200 have to ask ourselves. Okay, how how safe 108 00:05:32.200 --> 00:05:35.900 is that. Solar is obviously the most popular kind 109 00:05:35.900 --> 00:05:39.000 of example of how we can use solar 110 00:05:38.200 --> 00:05:41.600 voltaic cells to 111 00:05:41.900 --> 00:05:44.300 generate energy from 112 00:05:44.300 --> 00:05:47.500 our friend Sun wind, especially 113 00:05:47.500 --> 00:05:51.500 here in the Netherlands. Very famous for windmills. We 114 00:05:51.500 --> 00:05:52.600 can use wind. 115 00:05:53.200 --> 00:05:57.300 Tends to generate lots and lots of local energy 116 00:05:56.800 --> 00:05:59.300 biomass is as 117 00:05:59.300 --> 00:06:02.500 a theme that is picking up across 118 00:06:02.500 --> 00:06:05.400 the world different locations. But again, 119 00:06:05.400 --> 00:06:08.700 it's about using the kind of recycled parts 120 00:06:08.700 --> 00:06:12.600 of organic wastes to burn 121 00:06:12.600 --> 00:06:15.900 and keep slow, Heat, lots of things hydroelectricity. 122 00:06:15.900 --> 00:06:18.600 Again, flows of water is 123 00:06:18.600 --> 00:06:22.100 a wonderful energy source 124 00:06:21.100 --> 00:06:22.800 that you can. 125 00:06:24.500 --> 00:06:28.500 Harness the energy through turbines and so forth. Waves 126 00:06:28.500 --> 00:06:32.500 again is another kind of cutting-edge Technology where these 127 00:06:32.500 --> 00:06:35.500 kinds of buoys are in deployed 128 00:06:35.500 --> 00:06:38.300 into the ocean and can move with 129 00:06:38.300 --> 00:06:41.400 the ways of the tides and generate 130 00:06:41.400 --> 00:06:44.700 lots of electricity hydrogen. Yeah. 131 00:06:44.700 --> 00:06:47.900 It's another very, very super clean energy source 132 00:06:47.500 --> 00:06:50.600 takes a lot of energy to produce it, but 133 00:06:50.600 --> 00:06:52.800 it's non-toxic and super 134 00:06:53.100 --> 00:06:56.300 Boom. Then geothermal. Is this kind 135 00:06:56.300 --> 00:06:58.700 of wonderful concept about just kind of 136 00:06:59.700 --> 00:07:03.400 Drilling down into the Earth and regulating 137 00:07:02.400 --> 00:07:05.200 the kind of heat temperatures so 138 00:07:05.200 --> 00:07:08.200 we can have new sources to not just cool but 139 00:07:08.200 --> 00:07:11.300 also heat as a regular type of 140 00:07:11.100 --> 00:07:14.100 thermostat for our cities. 141 00:07:16.800 --> 00:07:20.400 So as I've just discussed, 142 00:07:19.500 --> 00:07:23.100 there is a lot of energy 143 00:07:22.100 --> 00:07:26.200 sources today, and I kind of portfolio, or 144 00:07:25.300 --> 00:07:29.700 if you look at it as an inventory, there's 145 00:07:29.700 --> 00:07:32.800 thermal energy because it just mentioned solar 146 00:07:32.200 --> 00:07:37.100 wave and title nuclear, geothermal 147 00:07:36.100 --> 00:07:40.500 Hydro biomass. And 148 00:07:40.500 --> 00:07:43.400 these all start kind of contributing to the other kinds 149 00:07:43.400 --> 00:07:46.400 of things, which start making about control. 150 00:07:46.600 --> 00:07:51.000 Adams heat pumps the distributions and 151 00:07:50.300 --> 00:07:53.300 it's important to kind of look at this diagram, a 152 00:07:53.300 --> 00:07:56.400 little carefully, take your time on this one because what 153 00:07:56.400 --> 00:07:59.600 you're seeing here is the interconnections of 154 00:07:59.800 --> 00:08:02.700 energy, not just as lighting, but 155 00:08:02.800 --> 00:08:06.000 heat electrical and 156 00:08:05.100 --> 00:08:09.100 and gas grids as our kind of Legacy infrastructures. 157 00:08:08.500 --> 00:08:11.300 So what you're seeing in this diagram is 158 00:08:11.300 --> 00:08:15.100 that they're becoming more integrated in the future Smart 159 00:08:14.100 --> 00:08:15.500 City. 160 00:08:17.500 --> 00:08:20.800 So we've discovered a lot of definitions of energy sources 161 00:08:20.200 --> 00:08:23.100 and what role they play in this 162 00:08:23.100 --> 00:08:26.100 kind of ecosystem to power our 163 00:08:26.100 --> 00:08:29.100 cities and lives, but let's dive a little bit 164 00:08:29.100 --> 00:08:31.600 deeper and ask the question. What is Smart Energy? 165 00:08:33.600 --> 00:08:36.400 First example is smart grids, which is 166 00:08:36.900 --> 00:08:39.800 a much more Dynamic and decentralized network 167 00:08:39.800 --> 00:08:42.500 that can more effectively manage the market production 168 00:08:42.500 --> 00:08:46.200 transmission and distribution of electricity. I'll 169 00:08:46.200 --> 00:08:49.600 get into some more practical examples of what these look like, 170 00:08:49.500 --> 00:08:53.300 but when you start 171 00:08:52.300 --> 00:08:55.900 decentralizing your energy production 172 00:08:55.900 --> 00:08:58.700 and consumption from the from the National Grid 173 00:08:58.700 --> 00:09:01.100 or from Regional grids, you 174 00:09:01.100 --> 00:09:01.800 have much more 175 00:09:01.900 --> 00:09:04.100 Or Independence, and I'll get into a 176 00:09:04.100 --> 00:09:07.200 little bit more detail about how this can, how 177 00:09:07.200 --> 00:09:10.400 this works. And of course, at 178 00:09:10.400 --> 00:09:14.000 least you'll be creating new security challenges 179 00:09:13.300 --> 00:09:16.900 for the Smart City. Smart meters is 180 00:09:16.900 --> 00:09:19.300 the second one. The second example and 181 00:09:19.300 --> 00:09:22.600 the simply a meter that records much more information about your are energy 182 00:09:22.600 --> 00:09:25.400 consumption. So for example, it can really measure your 183 00:09:25.400 --> 00:09:28.200 real-time energy consumption. You 184 00:09:28.200 --> 00:09:31.600 can visualize those energy needs that, 185 00:09:31.600 --> 00:09:31.800 you 186 00:09:32.300 --> 00:09:35.200 Or your neighbors or your District are consuming. You 187 00:09:35.200 --> 00:09:38.500 can share those and create whole new insights about 188 00:09:38.500 --> 00:09:42.300 how how you, and how your neighborhood are performing in 189 00:09:42.300 --> 00:09:45.400 terms of energy consumption. That's a really wonderful new 190 00:09:45.700 --> 00:09:48.700 transition that it's not just the old thermostats. That 191 00:09:48.700 --> 00:09:51.800 have been in the year. We get to share that information. We 192 00:09:51.800 --> 00:09:54.400 can share that information. Now by the minute. 193 00:09:55.900 --> 00:09:58.500 So in the third example, we're going to be talking about 194 00:09:58.500 --> 00:10:01.600 energy storage as I've discussed. There's lots of 195 00:10:01.300 --> 00:10:05.100 examples of businesses 196 00:10:04.100 --> 00:10:08.200 and homes producing solar energy, 197 00:10:07.700 --> 00:10:10.200 and it's kind of nice to kind of store 198 00:10:10.200 --> 00:10:13.700 that energy locally. But if you can scale that on an urban level and 199 00:10:13.700 --> 00:10:17.500 we're really talking about smart energy storage and 200 00:10:17.600 --> 00:10:20.600 that's super, super important because that 201 00:10:20.600 --> 00:10:23.700 reduces the risks in the demands. And 202 00:10:23.700 --> 00:10:25.600 the dependencies on the 203 00:10:26.100 --> 00:10:29.400 Cool, or the the older kind of 204 00:10:29.800 --> 00:10:32.700 energy production systems. The 205 00:10:32.700 --> 00:10:35.300 fourth example is the monitoring and management and 206 00:10:35.300 --> 00:10:39.100 this definitely connects to all the previous three examples, whether 207 00:10:38.100 --> 00:10:41.700 it's the smart grid, whether it's the smart meter 208 00:10:41.200 --> 00:10:44.900 or the energy storage that when we start visualizing, 209 00:10:44.900 --> 00:10:48.400 these things we can start explaining 210 00:10:47.400 --> 00:10:51.100 to the consumers and the business owners, how 211 00:10:50.400 --> 00:10:52.600 everything is working. 212 00:10:53.400 --> 00:10:56.600 And in monitoring is also super important as 213 00:10:56.600 --> 00:11:00.400 well, because it's, it's about the energy consumption at 214 00:11:00.600 --> 00:11:03.800 Mass. So it's about the heating control lighting, 215 00:11:03.800 --> 00:11:06.500 and we can start programming our our 216 00:11:06.500 --> 00:11:09.200 homes and businesses to meet those demands. 217 00:11:11.100 --> 00:11:14.200 So simple question, why do we need Smart Energy? 218 00:11:16.200 --> 00:11:19.100 As I've just discussed, previously. There's a 219 00:11:19.100 --> 00:11:22.400 bunch of reasons. So let's just go over them. Before 220 00:11:22.400 --> 00:11:25.300 we move on to the next section, Smart Energy 221 00:11:25.300 --> 00:11:28.700 can help deal with the revenue and cost savings. 222 00:11:28.100 --> 00:11:31.500 And with new technologies. We can produce new assets that 223 00:11:31.500 --> 00:11:34.700 are treatable and convertible new income streams or 224 00:11:34.700 --> 00:11:38.000 cities and operators commuters and consumers, the 225 00:11:37.300 --> 00:11:40.500 battery examples of Corsa illustration of 226 00:11:40.500 --> 00:11:43.100 the extra capacity so we can 227 00:11:43.100 --> 00:11:45.800 store the energy soup more locally. 228 00:11:46.100 --> 00:11:49.400 And we can use that energy to curve 229 00:11:49.400 --> 00:11:52.400 the costs and the dependencies that 230 00:11:52.400 --> 00:11:56.700 keep the stress levels down on the infrastructure. Decarbonization. 231 00:11:55.700 --> 00:11:58.300 Of course, is the kind 232 00:11:58.300 --> 00:12:01.700 of depending on who you're talking to. But Smart Energy is 233 00:12:01.700 --> 00:12:04.800 about a decarbonization reducing, 234 00:12:04.800 --> 00:12:08.400 our Reliance on fossil fuels. And 235 00:12:07.800 --> 00:12:11.300 this is this is such 236 00:12:10.300 --> 00:12:13.500 an important kind of transition that 237 00:12:13.500 --> 00:12:15.900 we need to be making so that we can achieve it. 238 00:12:16.100 --> 00:12:19.600 And of Net Zero and a carbon neutral or 239 00:12:19.600 --> 00:12:22.300 positive, or those neutral city, of 240 00:12:22.300 --> 00:12:26.100 course, but a positive energy 241 00:12:25.800 --> 00:12:28.600 situation where we're not consuming energy, 242 00:12:28.600 --> 00:12:32.100 but we're all producing energy and 243 00:12:31.100 --> 00:12:34.100 this is also important in 244 00:12:34.100 --> 00:12:37.400 terms of security to because when we can demonstrate that, 245 00:12:37.400 --> 00:12:40.800 we have enough energy Supply locally, as 246 00:12:40.800 --> 00:12:43.500 I said, whether it's Hydro whether it's solar weather, 247 00:12:43.500 --> 00:12:45.500 its title geothermal. 248 00:12:46.100 --> 00:12:49.900 That we have much more Independence on how we use 249 00:12:49.900 --> 00:12:53.000 energy to fuel our lives 250 00:12:52.100 --> 00:12:53.900 and fuel our cities. 251 00:12:56.400 --> 00:12:59.600 So let's move on to the next example, 252 00:12:59.800 --> 00:13:02.800 which is seeing 253 00:13:02.800 --> 00:13:05.200 is believing and these are real-world examples at 254 00:13:05.200 --> 00:13:06.600 least from my window.