WEBVTT - This file was automatically generated by VIMEO 1 00:00:08.800 --> 00:00:11.200 Welcome to the internet of things in this 2 00:00:11.200 --> 00:00:14.600 section. For, I'll be introducing you to the context history, 3 00:00:14.800 --> 00:00:17.700 Concepts, and security risks with iot devices and 4 00:00:17.700 --> 00:00:19.300 all of their interconnectivity. 5 00:00:21.100 --> 00:00:25.000 As we enter the dot of the fourth industrial revolution of supercomputing artificial 6 00:00:24.800 --> 00:00:27.300 intelligence, Precision farming, smart, 7 00:00:27.300 --> 00:00:30.400 manufacturing, and their net internet of everything presents. 8 00:00:30.400 --> 00:00:33.500 Many new insights complexity and risks to our future 9 00:00:33.500 --> 00:00:34.000 cities. 10 00:00:36.300 --> 00:00:39.300 In this first example of iot, we're going to 11 00:00:39.300 --> 00:00:42.700 see that the speed of change is happening at a record level and 12 00:00:42.700 --> 00:00:45.800 will forever impact our cities and societies. So 13 00:00:45.800 --> 00:00:48.300 let's have a look in the past to 14 00:00:48.300 --> 00:00:50.300 see what awaits us in the future. 15 00:00:52.200 --> 00:00:55.200 So it's always important to look back into time to see how we 16 00:00:55.200 --> 00:00:59.100 got to the place. We are today in our contemporary Smart 17 00:00:58.100 --> 00:01:01.300 City, in the last section. I quickly 18 00:01:01.300 --> 00:01:04.600 cover the topic of the industrial revolutions. We're 19 00:01:04.600 --> 00:01:07.600 back in the 1780s, the kinds of things that were being made, 20 00:01:07.600 --> 00:01:10.300 where the steam-powered there were low cost. I 21 00:01:10.300 --> 00:01:13.500 minerals that we could find naturally to 22 00:01:13.500 --> 00:01:16.500 create the railroads and the factories that we know, today, 23 00:01:16.800 --> 00:01:19.400 fast-forward to the 1870s and things 24 00:01:19.400 --> 00:01:21.800 got really exciting with things started. Kind of 25 00:01:22.100 --> 00:01:25.800 Thing by electricity that powered more assembly lines 26 00:01:25.800 --> 00:01:29.100 and created things like the telephone. And 27 00:01:29.100 --> 00:01:32.400 then we could basically start Mass producing more and more things 28 00:01:32.400 --> 00:01:35.200 and and urbanization really took off at 29 00:01:35.200 --> 00:01:38.500 this point. The third revolution, of course, is the 30 00:01:38.700 --> 00:01:41.500 kind of beginning of the digital age has where we have microchips 31 00:01:41.500 --> 00:01:44.800 Electronics, the internet and 32 00:01:44.800 --> 00:01:47.300 augmented automated Productions, and 33 00:01:47.300 --> 00:01:50.200 the beginnings of the mega cities since 34 00:01:50.200 --> 00:01:51.900 the 60s, since the 35 00:01:52.100 --> 00:01:55.200 The 2000s were kind of at the end of 20 years on of 36 00:01:55.200 --> 00:01:58.300 course, but we're starting to see everyday in 37 00:01:58.300 --> 00:02:01.400 our daily lives where we are in the fourth Industrial 38 00:02:01.400 --> 00:02:04.600 Revolution, which is very much about the supercomputing. The 39 00:02:04.600 --> 00:02:07.500 artificial intelligence. Smart 40 00:02:07.500 --> 00:02:10.200 cities are becoming more and more intelligent. Thanks to these kinds 41 00:02:10.200 --> 00:02:14.100 of things and that comes down to the internet of things. And 42 00:02:13.400 --> 00:02:16.500 we're now at a stage where everything is starting to 43 00:02:16.800 --> 00:02:19.400 become connected, leading 44 00:02:19.400 --> 00:02:20.900 us to the internet of everything. 45 00:02:23.200 --> 00:02:26.800 So here's another fun way of looking, at the same diagram will 46 00:02:26.800 --> 00:02:29.300 be it a little bit differently, which is about the speed 47 00:02:29.300 --> 00:02:32.500 and the velocity of change since the first Endeavor Industrial 48 00:02:32.500 --> 00:02:35.000 Revolution. So in this diagram, which you see in 49 00:02:35.100 --> 00:02:38.300 the y-axis, is that kind of key moments, which 50 00:02:38.300 --> 00:02:41.200 is 50 million people. And what we see here 51 00:02:41.200 --> 00:02:44.600 in the 1800's that it took 75 years 52 00:02:44.600 --> 00:02:47.600 for the telephone to read that reach, that Milestone 50 53 00:02:47.600 --> 00:02:50.000 million people fast forward to the 54 00:02:50.700 --> 00:02:52.800 1900s television only. 55 00:02:53.600 --> 00:02:56.700 I was able to succeed. The same goal in just 13 years, the 56 00:02:56.500 --> 00:02:59.300 internet likewise. It's achieved the same goal 57 00:02:59.300 --> 00:03:02.200 of 50 million people and just four years. And what's 58 00:03:02.200 --> 00:03:05.600 crazy. Is that a game app that 59 00:03:05.600 --> 00:03:08.200 we can find on our phones. Maybe you many of you know, 60 00:03:08.200 --> 00:03:11.200 them Boogeyman go reach 50 million people in 61 00:03:11.200 --> 00:03:14.300 just 19 days. So that really does illustrate how fast 62 00:03:14.300 --> 00:03:16.600 things are developing at a rapid pace. 63 00:03:19.800 --> 00:03:22.300 So connecting the physical to the digital world 64 00:03:22.300 --> 00:03:25.300 is occurring much much faster. Many 65 00:03:25.300 --> 00:03:28.200 thanks to the internet of things. But what 66 00:03:28.200 --> 00:03:31.600 is iot in this section? We're going to be exploring all 67 00:03:31.600 --> 00:03:35.300 of the different kinds of definitions of iot and 68 00:03:34.300 --> 00:03:38.200 the challenge is that it creates for 69 00:03:37.200 --> 00:03:40.400 cities, but also the 70 00:03:40.400 --> 00:03:42.900 threats and risks, of course, at the same time. 71 00:03:45.100 --> 00:03:48.400 So, what is iot? This is a very simple, 72 00:03:48.400 --> 00:03:52.700 kind of crude diagram explaining, the differences definitions 73 00:03:52.700 --> 00:03:55.600 of what iot is, and basically iot is 74 00:03:55.600 --> 00:03:58.900 like I mentioned previously. It's the bridge that 75 00:03:58.900 --> 00:04:01.800 connects the physical world with the digital world and what 76 00:04:01.800 --> 00:04:04.100 that means is that, for example, you're going 77 00:04:04.100 --> 00:04:07.400 to have lots of devices and I'll explain what some of these devices are in 78 00:04:07.400 --> 00:04:10.200 the next in the next slide, but the devices themselves 79 00:04:10.200 --> 00:04:13.300 are interconnected and they 80 00:04:13.300 --> 00:04:14.800 have a microprocessor. 81 00:04:15.100 --> 00:04:18.400 In types of things, embedded inside them. So 82 00:04:18.400 --> 00:04:21.200 they have some degree of intelligence, what they kind of 83 00:04:21.200 --> 00:04:24.800 do is their sensors, or they collect data and 84 00:04:24.800 --> 00:04:27.600 they can annotate that data tag it 85 00:04:27.800 --> 00:04:30.200 and store it. The other things that iot does is 86 00:04:30.200 --> 00:04:33.700 communication. So types of connectivity is 87 00:04:33.700 --> 00:04:36.500 important. Also where the the 88 00:04:36.500 --> 00:04:39.500 data is collected and stored at could be hyper locally 89 00:04:39.500 --> 00:04:42.500 or it could be in the cloud. The other things that iot does 90 00:04:42.500 --> 00:04:44.800 is conserve provide some insights. 91 00:04:45.200 --> 00:04:49.400 Like data analytics. And with some intelligence 92 00:04:48.400 --> 00:04:53.000 built-in, of course, like artificial intelligence cognitive 93 00:04:52.600 --> 00:04:55.400 analysis on the edge start, 94 00:04:55.400 --> 00:04:58.600 giving much more insight makes makes 95 00:04:58.600 --> 00:05:01.100 things much more smart in your homes and 96 00:05:01.100 --> 00:05:04.800 businesses, the data value. So the analyst 97 00:05:04.200 --> 00:05:07.700 analysis that is created, is 98 00:05:07.700 --> 00:05:10.300 then processed at create kinds of actionable 99 00:05:10.300 --> 00:05:13.600 insights. So real-time kinds of triggers that 100 00:05:13.600 --> 00:05:14.900 alert people to do certain things. 101 00:05:15.100 --> 00:05:18.400 In times. And what that does is create a kind of human 102 00:05:18.400 --> 00:05:21.400 values so that we can start building better 103 00:05:21.400 --> 00:05:24.300 and more optimal. Efficient types of applications that 104 00:05:24.300 --> 00:05:26.300 benefit to greater amount of people. 105 00:05:30.100 --> 00:05:33.200 Another way to ask about what is iot is 106 00:05:33.200 --> 00:05:37.400 to. Also ask where's iot and simply iot to 107 00:05:37.500 --> 00:05:40.500 today in 2021 is, it's all around us. 108 00:05:40.100 --> 00:05:43.600 So there's a lot of devices that 109 00:05:43.600 --> 00:05:46.200 you've seen like Amazon and and 110 00:05:46.200 --> 00:05:49.600 so forth, the echo that 111 00:05:49.700 --> 00:05:52.300 people are buying and that's part of the smart home. 112 00:05:52.300 --> 00:05:55.400 So they're iot neighbor enabled home. Appliances that 113 00:05:55.400 --> 00:05:58.300 kind of interconnect with you the 114 00:05:58.300 --> 00:05:59.800 user and the 115 00:06:01.100 --> 00:06:05.100 The internet itself and can provide some answers 116 00:06:04.100 --> 00:06:07.300 or Supply some music and 117 00:06:07.300 --> 00:06:10.300 certain kinds of fun things. Of course, iot is 118 00:06:10.300 --> 00:06:13.500 also defined maybe as a wearable 119 00:06:13.500 --> 00:06:16.300 so you could find it on your wrist and 120 00:06:16.300 --> 00:06:19.600 it's a kind of device that can measure your 121 00:06:19.600 --> 00:06:22.600 oxygen levels, your blood pressure and attacked 122 00:06:22.700 --> 00:06:25.700 detect, any anonomys and 123 00:06:25.700 --> 00:06:28.600 over time. Maybe even have a nice snapshot of 124 00:06:28.900 --> 00:06:29.800 how healthy you are. 125 00:06:29.900 --> 00:06:32.600 In terms of your biometric data, so super, super 126 00:06:32.600 --> 00:06:36.400 useful, and start Smart City context. Cities 127 00:06:36.400 --> 00:06:39.700 are deploying iot devices to collect real-time data, to remotely monitor, 128 00:06:39.700 --> 00:06:42.300 improve efficiency and quality of life. So 129 00:06:42.300 --> 00:06:46.100 this could be air, quality water, quality sound 130 00:06:45.100 --> 00:06:48.400 pollution, any kind of 131 00:06:48.400 --> 00:06:51.500 device that can measure one thing and measure it. 132 00:06:51.500 --> 00:06:54.800 Well, smart grid is another example where 133 00:06:54.200 --> 00:06:57.500 the iot is are embedded on the electrical grids 134 00:06:57.100 --> 00:06:59.500 that monitor the supply. 135 00:07:00.500 --> 00:07:03.300 Red and the types of Demands supplies or 136 00:07:03.300 --> 00:07:07.200 demands that need to balance the energy needs. It's 137 00:07:07.200 --> 00:07:10.500 also can be found in Supply chains. So these 138 00:07:10.500 --> 00:07:13.200 could be beacons or other types of sensors built into the 139 00:07:13.200 --> 00:07:16.400 cargo that's being shipped around. So, we can actually 140 00:07:16.400 --> 00:07:20.400 have much more granular high-fidelity location, 141 00:07:19.400 --> 00:07:22.500 tracking system of our Goods, 142 00:07:22.100 --> 00:07:25.200 connected car. Of course, we talked about this last and 143 00:07:25.200 --> 00:07:28.300 last section of smart 144 00:07:28.300 --> 00:07:29.700 Mobility or feature Mobility. 145 00:07:30.200 --> 00:07:33.600 And these kinds of cars can be understood as 146 00:07:33.600 --> 00:07:36.200 a big iot device that could do lots 147 00:07:36.200 --> 00:07:40.200 of things that are biodynamic and bio directional. They 148 00:07:40.200 --> 00:07:43.700 make decisions by themselves and in the future, perhaps 149 00:07:43.700 --> 00:07:47.000 even chauffeuring Us in and around the cities anonymously 150 00:07:46.800 --> 00:07:49.400 autonomously. Smart farming 151 00:07:49.400 --> 00:07:52.600 is a kind of a weird topic, but you'd 152 00:07:52.600 --> 00:07:55.700 be surprised to know how many 153 00:07:55.700 --> 00:07:58.500 farmers at least here in the Netherlands are building more 154 00:07:58.500 --> 00:07:59.800 intelligence into there. 155 00:08:00.400 --> 00:08:03.400 Agricultural Farms, with 156 00:08:03.400 --> 00:08:06.900 a B, for the produce, or for the animals themselves. 157 00:08:06.400 --> 00:08:09.400 LT devices are providing key insights 158 00:08:09.400 --> 00:08:11.800 to these Farmers, which we were now businessman. 159 00:08:14.100 --> 00:08:17.800 The other kind of question we could ask is how big is iot. 160 00:08:17.900 --> 00:08:20.200 And in this diagram, you going to see the 161 00:08:20.200 --> 00:08:23.500 kind of segments, the market break up. The largest of 162 00:08:23.500 --> 00:08:26.500 course of iot devices, being 163 00:08:26.500 --> 00:08:29.300 sold to Consumers, probably mostly for our homes and 164 00:08:29.300 --> 00:08:32.500 businesses 14% is the next largest which 165 00:08:32.500 --> 00:08:36.000 is automotive and aerospace. Companies. 166 00:08:35.500 --> 00:08:39.000 Healthcare is, of course, a big one where 167 00:08:38.400 --> 00:08:41.500 people can report remotely to 168 00:08:41.500 --> 00:08:43.600 their home. Physicians and doctors. 169 00:08:44.900 --> 00:08:47.300 Smart devices are it's kind of a general 170 00:08:47.300 --> 00:08:50.500 term, but a lot of buildings, especially right now 171 00:08:50.500 --> 00:08:54.100 and properties are deploying more and more of these iot 172 00:08:53.100 --> 00:08:56.600 devices. The 173 00:08:56.600 --> 00:08:59.400 other Market size, is the logistics and supplies changed. 174 00:08:59.400 --> 00:09:02.600 As I mentioned. The Freights a to be iot 175 00:09:02.600 --> 00:09:05.800 is helping nav, helping them navigate, but also track. There's 176 00:09:05.800 --> 00:09:09.100 a lot of industrial usage in service usages 177 00:09:08.600 --> 00:09:11.200 that make up the kind of share of 178 00:09:11.200 --> 00:09:12.100 the market size. 179 00:09:14.700 --> 00:09:17.800 I owe two solutions are flooding the marketplace and we 180 00:09:17.800 --> 00:09:21.000 need to ask. Why do we need any of these Solutions? So 181 00:09:20.200 --> 00:09:24.200 let's take a moment and explore. How 182 00:09:23.200 --> 00:09:28.200 does iot work? As 183 00:09:28.200 --> 00:09:31.800 I mentioned in one of the earlier, slides. The basic architecture iot 184 00:09:31.800 --> 00:09:34.700 is quite simple. Usually, these devices are 185 00:09:34.700 --> 00:09:37.200 super low energy and have a 186 00:09:37.200 --> 00:09:41.300 rule. Sometimes. I'm pretty wide range of connectivity. Sometimes 187 00:09:40.300 --> 00:09:43.200 that connectivity is done before. 188 00:09:43.900 --> 00:09:47.700 But most the time it's a kind of wireless network 189 00:09:47.200 --> 00:09:50.600 that it uses to connect. So 190 00:09:50.600 --> 00:09:53.300 the device itself is just there 191 00:09:53.300 --> 00:09:56.200 to collect data. And sometimes there's a 192 00:09:56.200 --> 00:09:59.100 microprocessor inside the device that the process of the 193 00:09:59.100 --> 00:10:03.100 data and then transmit the data of an antenna, where 194 00:10:02.100 --> 00:10:05.700 by then it's collected and transferred and 195 00:10:05.700 --> 00:10:09.000 abnormal router, or Gateway or Hub, which 196 00:10:08.100 --> 00:10:11.200 is pushing towards a kind of 197 00:10:11.200 --> 00:10:13.200 mobile or web app, where it can do the 198 00:10:13.800 --> 00:10:14.900 in in analysis. 199 00:10:17.500 --> 00:10:21.200 So there are all sorts of colors and flavors of 200 00:10:20.800 --> 00:10:23.500 how iot devices connect 201 00:10:23.500 --> 00:10:26.300 with one another. There is no way that I can go into 202 00:10:26.300 --> 00:10:29.800 each one of these types of network types, 203 00:10:29.200 --> 00:10:32.300 but it is is important 204 00:10:32.300 --> 00:10:36.500 to kind of cover them very very quickly just to show you the kind of diversity 205 00:10:35.500 --> 00:10:38.400 of different ways that these devices can 206 00:10:38.400 --> 00:10:41.100 speak, not only to one another. But, of 207 00:10:41.100 --> 00:10:44.800 course, the the routers and the hub's where 208 00:10:44.200 --> 00:10:47.100 people can do the analysis, so, 209 00:10:47.200 --> 00:10:51.300 Five, of course, is the one of the most famous ones micro 210 00:10:51.300 --> 00:10:54.100 meshes. So these little tailor controllers are talking to 211 00:10:54.100 --> 00:10:57.300 each other and bi TI o t. These 212 00:10:57.300 --> 00:11:00.800 are more industry. Standards protocols 213 00:11:00.800 --> 00:11:03.700 that allow different devices to connect 214 00:11:03.700 --> 00:11:06.300 with another wait lists, not 215 00:11:06.300 --> 00:11:09.200 so familiar with that one. But the Bluetooth off quiz 216 00:11:09.200 --> 00:11:13.700 is the next famous one next to Wi-Fi. All of our smartphones can 217 00:11:13.700 --> 00:11:16.100 connect to a device, another type of 218 00:11:16.100 --> 00:11:17.100 device iot 219 00:11:17.200 --> 00:11:20.800 Why certainly using Bluetooth? Good old-fashioned cellular 220 00:11:20.100 --> 00:11:23.900 within its 2G 3G 4G. 221 00:11:23.900 --> 00:11:26.200 And now 5G, there's lots of 222 00:11:26.200 --> 00:11:29.700 different beacons and in Chrome pucks. There's 223 00:11:29.700 --> 00:11:32.300 lots of other kinds of ways that these 224 00:11:32.300 --> 00:11:35.000 devices can communicate with one another 225 00:11:38.400 --> 00:11:42.200 So in this diagram, what we're seeing here is the differences 226 00:11:41.200 --> 00:11:44.800 between the bandwidth in the range. So 227 00:11:44.200 --> 00:11:47.100 some of these again the the the the 228 00:11:47.100 --> 00:11:50.500 more bandwidth and more power it consumes. So what's 229 00:11:50.500 --> 00:11:53.900 been interesting as an evolution is that the 230 00:11:53.900 --> 00:11:56.700 one that has the narrowest arranged and 231 00:11:56.700 --> 00:11:59.600 the smallest bandwidth that just basically simple 232 00:11:59.800 --> 00:12:02.500 10? Functional data, collectors, detect one 233 00:12:02.500 --> 00:12:06.600 thing and one thing only it is Bluetooth is zigbee. Z-Wave. 234 00:12:05.200 --> 00:12:07.300 These are 235 00:12:07.700 --> 00:12:10.800 Devices to not use much power and 236 00:12:10.800 --> 00:12:13.700 can go, you know, months weeks, 237 00:12:13.700 --> 00:12:17.500 sometimes a years without any maintenance. And 238 00:12:17.500 --> 00:12:20.300 then on the other side of the things they have range, which requires lots of powers 239 00:12:20.300 --> 00:12:23.200 of sometimes, these won't be, these will have 240 00:12:23.200 --> 00:12:26.300 to be connected to 230 or 241 00:12:26.300 --> 00:12:30.100 120 volts and they push much, 242 00:12:29.100 --> 00:12:33.000 much more data. Much further lower 243 00:12:32.400 --> 00:12:36.000 is a very, very popular one with iot 244 00:12:35.500 --> 00:12:37.300 devices. So that the 245 00:12:37.400 --> 00:12:41.300 Acronym for long range and low power. And 246 00:12:40.100 --> 00:12:43.200 on the top of the said, in terms of 247 00:12:43.200 --> 00:12:46.300 bandwidth right now. Five, Jesus coming onto the market for 248 00:12:46.300 --> 00:12:49.500 the, some of the western company countries for sure. And 249 00:12:49.500 --> 00:12:52.800 that is again, a game changer, in terms of the bandwidth and the 250 00:12:52.100 --> 00:12:55.700 and the type of range, which is already Superior 251 00:12:55.700 --> 00:12:58.400 to some of the older Network types. 252 00:13:01.500 --> 00:13:04.500 So, it's always good to kind of give some illustrations about 253 00:13:04.500 --> 00:13:07.700 what iot devices are and 254 00:13:07.700 --> 00:13:10.400 how they're used in the, a smart city. So, in this 255 00:13:10.300 --> 00:13:13.500 diagram, you see, lots of kind of familiar images 256 00:13:13.500 --> 00:13:16.100 like this, part Street, Lighting in the 257 00:13:16.100 --> 00:13:19.500 future of the street lights, will become moldy multifunctional. So 258 00:13:19.500 --> 00:13:22.900 they're not just turning lights on and off but they become pieces 259 00:13:22.900 --> 00:13:25.400 of furniture to host, lots of different things, 260 00:13:25.400 --> 00:13:28.300 like air quality as sound levels, so 261 00:13:28.300 --> 00:13:30.600 sound pollution, Etc, show. 262 00:13:30.800 --> 00:13:33.400 Monitoring again, is an iot device. Sometimes 263 00:13:33.400 --> 00:13:36.900 they're connected to power. Sometimes they're portable 264 00:13:36.700 --> 00:13:40.200 but they are constantly communicating 265 00:13:39.500 --> 00:13:42.200 things that sort of 266 00:13:42.200 --> 00:13:45.700 that are happening on the Street counting. So me 267 00:13:45.700 --> 00:13:48.400 personally there's a lot of Technologies. I'm developing that's using 268 00:13:48.400 --> 00:13:51.800 Ai and some of those the processing 269 00:13:51.800 --> 00:13:54.200 can happen on a microprocessor inside the 270 00:13:54.200 --> 00:13:57.200 device. And this these are really 271 00:13:57.200 --> 00:14:00.500 handy for detecting objects, like pedestrians and 272 00:14:00.500 --> 00:14:00.600 cars. 273 00:14:00.700 --> 00:14:03.000 Cars environmental. Monitoring of 274 00:14:03.200 --> 00:14:06.000 this goes back to the smart farming, soils can be 275 00:14:06.400 --> 00:14:09.200 measured in terms of are in terms of quality and pH 276 00:14:09.200 --> 00:14:12.700 levels, smart parking again. Maybe it's box 277 00:14:12.700 --> 00:14:15.400 or beacons, or object 278 00:14:15.400 --> 00:14:18.900 detection systems can alert customers when 279 00:14:18.400 --> 00:14:21.300 or residents when 280 00:14:21.300 --> 00:14:24.500 sparking parking spaces are available Asset Management 281 00:14:24.500 --> 00:14:28.100 again, lots and lots of little little tiny devices 282 00:14:27.100 --> 00:14:30.600 are deployed and can help. 283 00:14:31.200 --> 00:14:34.400 The managers and utility groups 284 00:14:34.500 --> 00:14:37.900 detect anomaly, anomaly, when something 285 00:14:37.900 --> 00:14:40.200 needs to be fixed or brought 286 00:14:40.200 --> 00:14:43.900 to their attention digital, signage water metering 287 00:14:43.900 --> 00:14:46.500 and monitoring again. These are all small iot devices, 288 00:14:46.500 --> 00:14:49.500 but also in the trash cans, you can also have a little radar 289 00:14:49.500 --> 00:14:52.500 that can detect how full the waste bins 290 00:14:52.500 --> 00:14:54.600 are underground or above ground. 291 00:14:56.200 --> 00:14:59.200 So many of you looking at that illustration think 292 00:14:59.200 --> 00:15:02.300 that's, you know, way too much. Why do we need all 293 00:15:02.300 --> 00:15:06.000 of those Technologies and are polluting our 294 00:15:05.400 --> 00:15:08.800 Urban environments? There's 295 00:15:08.800 --> 00:15:12.400 some clear benefits to the iot infrastructure 296 00:15:11.100 --> 00:15:15.000 and that 297 00:15:14.400 --> 00:15:17.300 I think when you look at a simple diagram like 298 00:15:17.300 --> 00:15:20.800 this, you get more kind of inspired about what role iot plays 299 00:15:20.800 --> 00:15:23.500 to create a more intelligent City 300 00:15:23.700 --> 00:15:25.900 smarter, future city and all of 301 00:15:26.100 --> 00:15:29.700 These kinds of services create new value, 302 00:15:29.300 --> 00:15:32.300 they can improve efficiency so that 303 00:15:32.300 --> 00:15:35.300 you don't have to manually. Do things with 304 00:15:35.300 --> 00:15:38.100 your eyes or with your feet. You 305 00:15:38.100 --> 00:15:41.200 can increase the service quality. There's local, there's lots of 306 00:15:41.200 --> 00:15:44.300 much more control on the local level and providing lots 307 00:15:44.300 --> 00:15:47.300 of more actionable insights to make decisions about policy or 308 00:15:47.300 --> 00:15:50.700 design, your lowering cost. Because 309 00:15:50.700 --> 00:15:53.400 again, these sensors are telling you what's going 310 00:15:53.400 --> 00:15:55.900 on. You don't need to be doing this repetitively or 311 00:15:56.600 --> 00:15:59.400 Manually, and you can start 312 00:15:59.400 --> 00:16:02.500 collecting lots and lots of valuable 313 00:16:02.500 --> 00:16:05.200 data and looking at that data, either in real 314 00:16:05.200 --> 00:16:08.600 time or as insights, were historic data to start 315 00:16:08.800 --> 00:16:11.700 analyzing in terms of prediction modeling or 316 00:16:11.700 --> 00:16:14.900 another types of analysis. And when 317 00:16:14.900 --> 00:16:17.400 you have an iot infrastructure, people can 318 00:16:17.400 --> 00:16:20.600 also get involved with that. So they be card, they become 319 00:16:20.900 --> 00:16:23.800 a part of the intelligence gathering 320 00:16:23.200 --> 00:16:25.900 so that you move transition from the 321 00:16:26.100 --> 00:16:31.700 The more emotional discussions about what's happening is the more fact-based reality-based 322 00:16:30.800 --> 00:16:33.600 data-based types 323 00:16:33.600 --> 00:16:34.700 of arguments. 324 00:16:37.900 --> 00:16:40.800 So again, seeing is believing. Let's look at some examples 325 00:16:40.800 --> 00:16:42.800 of some iot solutions.