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‫Welcome back.

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‫In this video, I will show you a shortcut for if statements and they are well enhanced if statements.

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‫And what they can do is they can pretty much be a whole if statement it just in one row that's pretty

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‫cool on one line and yeah so generally what you have is a condition then you have the question mark,

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‫the first expression, colon, second expression, and then of course you end the statement with a semicolon.

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‫So that's generally how you can create a shortcut of an if statement or an enhanced if statement.

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‫So some points to consider here are the condition has to be either true or false.

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‫The conditional operator is right.

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‫So it's associative, which means that if we have a look at this expression here, well, actually,

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‫let's have a look at that expression once we created our first little if statement.

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‫So let's first create some variables here.

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‫Temperature is going to be, let's say, minus five and we have a string and I'm calling that state

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‫of matter.

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‫So I'm going to leave it empty for now.

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‫And if let's say the temperature is below zero, then I want the state of matter to be solid.

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‫So state of matter is going to be solid.

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‫All right.

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‫As simple as that.

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‫And else I want it to be state of matter is going to be liquid.

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‫So temperature is zero.

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‫But this I mean, Celsius.

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‫So in Celsius and a zero degree water freezes.

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‫That's why it was set to zero degree.

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‫So that's why we start with a zero.

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‫That's when water starts to freeze or it starts to become liquid.

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‫So that's pretty much the turning point.

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‫All right.

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‫So the next thing that we want to do is simply write that on to the console.

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‫So CW State of Matter is and then I'm going to position that into those curly brackets as the state

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‫of matter.

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‫So now if we check that, we also need to console read key here so that we see what's actually true

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‫and let's run this code and then we are the state of matter is solid, so that means the temperature

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‫is below zero.

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‫Okay, that's the general statement that we had.

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‫Of course, you could sum it up and you can make it even shorter.

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‫So let's say we have a situation like this, you can do it like that.

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‫So then you have two lines of code and that's very short, but that's usually not how you would create

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‫an if else statement.

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‫And the better way, of course, is to warn the better, but the shorter way is to use a enhanced if

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‫statement.

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‫So let's go ahead and do just that.

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‫So I'm just going to create the whole thing in short, which means we have the state of matter is going

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‫to be.

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‫Temperature

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‫below zero.

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‫If that's true, then do the first.

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‫If it's false to the second.

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‫That's it.

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‫So the whole thing that we had here in four lines, we could simply do in just one line.

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‫So that's an enhanced if statement.

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‫Now, if we get rid of all of that up to here and now, we run the code again.

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‫So I'm just going to run it again.

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‫And we see state of matter is solid.

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‫And actually, let me uncomment that and simply increase the temperature from that point to the other

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‫by 30 degrees.

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‫So now it's going to be warm, 25 degrees and water is liquid at that point.

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‫So now we have our old if statement and then we have the short one.

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‫And now if we run that, we once have solid and once we have liquid.

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‫All right.

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‫So that's generally how you can go ahead and create a very simple version of.

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‫An enhanced if statement now for you is a little challenge.

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‫So the challenge is add the gas state of matter to the options.

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‫So now use again an enhanced if statement to add well pretty much the gas state to it.

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‫So one temperature is higher than 100 degrees.

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‫All right.

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‫I hope you tried it.

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‫I hope you tried it in a similar way that we have seen here.

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‫I haven't touched it yet, but I will do that in a second.

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‫So let's go ahead and create the following.

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‫We check the temperature once again and now we say, okay, is it higher than 100?

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‫If that's true, then it's gas.

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‫But if it's not true, then we want to check the temperature once again and we want to see if it's below

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‫zero, because if it is below zero, then it's solid.

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‫And if it's not below zero, then it's liquid.

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‫So now we have a whole else, if and so forth, statement in one line.

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‫So now if I run that and I increase the temperature by 100 degrees, temperature plus equal 100.

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‫So now it's going to be 130.

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‫And it should evaporate.

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‫It should become gas.

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‫So now we should get the information that it is gas.

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‫State of matter, solid.

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‫That was the first one.

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‫And now state of matter gas.

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‫That's the one that we have here.

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‫All right.

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‫So what is important here?

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‫What we have is we check.

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‫If the temperature is higher than 100.

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‫If that is true, then we run this code here, or we simply use gas as the state of matter.

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‫But if it's not, then we have a second check.

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‫So we check.

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‫What is going on here?

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‫Is the temperature below zero?

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‫And if it is, yes.

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‫If it's true, then the first entry is true.

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‫Otherwise, the second one.

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‫So we don't check it like this here.

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‫We don't say, okay.

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‫We check all of that.

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‫If that is true, that whole statement, then it's solid.

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‫Otherwise, it's liquid.

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‫That's not what we're doing.

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‫It's really important that you understand that what we are doing is we check.

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‫The first.

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‫Actually, we can do it like that.

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‫We could, of course, see it in a way that we have this statement that we check.

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‫But first we have this statement here, so we check.

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‫Is this condition true?

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‫Then we run that.

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‫Otherwise we run this whole thing here.

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‫What is inside of the brackets?

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‫But that's not what you need to write.

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‫You can simply leave it like that.

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‫And that's what this statement here is saying.

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‫So the expression A, B, C, D, E, that's what we have at the bottom is evaluated as is a true.

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‫If yes, then B otherwise check is C true, then D otherwise e.

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‫So that's pretty much what we have done.

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‫And it's important that it's not like you see here.

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‫So is a true then B or C, and if that whole statement is true, then D or E, that's not how we do

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‫it.

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‫And finally, the conditional operator cannot be overloaded.

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‫All right.

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‫So that's generally the enhanced F statement.

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‫I hope you could manage to solve this challenge, and it will come in handy whenever you want to use

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‫very simple and short sentences.

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‫By the way, if we would now change our, if else, statement to what we have here at the bottom, it

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‫would look like this else if temperature is higher than 100.

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‫And finally else we have the state of matter is going to be.

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‫Here.

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‫It's going to be liquid, by the way, and this one here would be gas.

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‫So it's not exactly the same approach.

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‫I just want to show you that we need six lines here and that's even without using the curly brackets.

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‫Or we just have one line where we handle all of the same code.