Welcome back.
Have you managed to figure out the comment from previous video?
Don't worry if you haven't since it was a tricky one, let us see what the solution is.
So if we navigate to my folder, which we created in the previous video, we want to copy our file three
to Be White, which is our pilot program from folder directory to the desktop directory.
And if you try to solve it but didn't manage to, you probably went with command copy file three top
white desktop.
And if I press enter.
This woman probably surprised you since it created another folder or pardon me, another file in the
folder directory called Desktop.
This is because it read our comment as if we wanted to copy our file into another file in the same directory
and we call that file.
That's the.
And this is just how the command works in order to successfully copy the file to the subdirectory.
We must run the command and specify the full path to the desktop, as well as the name of the copy that
we want.
So it would look something like this.
First, we're going to delete this desktop file since we don't need it.
And then you specify zip file three dot vi and we specify the full path to the desktop, which is slash
slash Mr Packer and then best after it.
We also want to specify slash and type here the name that we want our copy to have.
So let's just call it our Cupitt dot be why we added up.
Why since it is a python program, press enter and you will see right away on the desktop.
We got our copy by.
Now that we got that figured out, let us talk about the few network comments that we could use a lot
throughout this course.
The most important comment we already know is I have config we use I have config command to get our
IP address and what the output of this command is, is all the network interfaces as well as IP addresses
corresponding to those interfaces.
If I run, I have config.
Whoops, we get the comment not found, so we must run Shuto, I have config press enter, then we enter
our password and here I have a few interfaces.
So let me enlarge the terminal so we can see an argument that's just fully in longit.
And from the comment once again and by the way, you can navigate to the previous commands using upper
and lower error so I can navigate between all the comments that I ran previously.
And here is pseudo, I have config and this is the output of my comment for you.
This will probably be different.
Here I have zero interface, which is my cable connection, and it has an IP address of one to that
168, that one the 12.
And I can also see the loop back interface, which is this L.O., which all of us should have, and
it will be an IP address or one twenty seven 0.01 one, which is also a localhost IP for this cause.
We will usually be interested in this IP address.
If you have another interface called differently, that is also fine.
You could have a different name interface if you, for example, are connecting over wi fi.
This IP address that we get right here is called Local IP address, which means it only works inside
of our network to communicate with other devices that are also inside of our network.
There is also something called Public IP Address, which we are going to talk about later in the course.
For now, just remember that I have Config Output's local IP address as well as our network interfaces.
Another thing we can get from I config is our Mac address for a specific interface.
So for the interface, here is my Mac address, and what Mac address is, is a unique identifier for
every device.
Unlike local IP addresses that could be the same in different networks, for example, it is a great
possibility that you also have the IP address, starting with one to that 168 at one.
While the Mac address is unique for every device in the world, and in case you are new to all of this
and don't have much previous experience with MAC addresses and IP addresses, you might be asking,
why do we need both of them?
Well, let me explain this.
Mac addresses are unique and usable in communications with your neighbor machines or simply with machines
that are on your network while IP addresses are used to communicate over Internet and they can also
change.
Remember it like this Mac address tells you who you are, I.P. address tells you where you are.
So that is the comment, and now that they think of this comment, there is one more important comment
that I didn't show you and that you will use a lot, which is pseudo.
Remember, we used it.
We have config.
Now, Sudo is not the part of the config command.
It is just a command that we use once we want to execute something as a route user.
And just to remind you, our road user is something like an administrator.
It has has privileges above all other users.
We trust user.
You can execute any commands that you want.
For example, once we ran this, I command it, told us command doesn't exist.
If I just type once again, I have config.
It will say command, not font.
But after using pseudo config, we managed to execute it.
That is because I have config command must be rent with food privileges in order for it to execute.
Throughout this course, we will encounter many programs and many comments that will require pseudo
in order to run, and sometimes there could be multiple commands at once that we must execute as a producer.
There is one call trick so you don't have to type Suto before every command is to run at the beginning
pseudo.
And then as you press enter and if you're running smoothly for the first time inside of one terminal
session, it will ask you for your password and then it will login into the fruit terminal.
So everything you run from now on, you will run as a rule to count right now I no longer need to specify
sudo I've config, I can just specify I have config and it will not tell me command not found it will
executed.
Since I am a road user, as it says right here, it is no longer Mr. Hacker, it is now route.
If you want to exit out of this terminal, you simply just type exit and it'll go back to your Mr. Hacker
terminal.
Now, this can also be applied to files.
Some files might be created only for you to count to edit.
For example, if we run the command pseudo touch file one, we press enter.
And if we, for example, type pseudo nano file one type here, hello there, we control to save and
then control, exit to exit, we won't be able to edit this file as a normal user without comment or
without DeGroote account.
If I lower this terminal, here is our final one, and the reason why we can't edit it is because this
actual file right now has been opened and edited with route privileges.
And once we said it, we saved it is a route.
So right now, if we try to narrow it, it will tell me file is on writable, which means I cannot write
anything.
Well, I mean, I can.
But if we try to save it, it will tell me right here.
Permission denied.
So let's close this and open terminal once again.
However, if we go as a route to count to the file one and we type our password now we can type and
I think we want.
Just one second, it seems that we opened the wrong file, this is the file, one that we created from
the previous video that says today's a really good day.
And to go to the file, one that would account created, I believe it is one directory back
or let's just go to the pseudo user type enter, said Mr. Hacker, said desktop CAD file one.
Never mind, since we can't really find it, let's just create another file, just make sure you go
to the fruit account of the terminal and then type NENO test file and once you type nano test file here
type.
Hello there.
Save this exit account and the failover terminal right now.
We will see this test file right here on our desktop, but it also has this lock right here.
This means we as a normal user cannot edit this file.
We first need to go to death to the rectory, so let's go to the Mr. Hacker and then desktop and we
NENO test file, it will tell us once again, file is on writable.
Only Ruth account can edit it, and this is something you will encounter a lot, so it is really important
next time you see either something like command not found or right protected file or this requires road
privileges, just know that it needs to be run with pseudo.
All right, so with this, we finished our small crash course for Lennix, and I would advise you to
practice a little bit with the comments we learned and also explore Linux operating system a little
bit, go to different directories, see what it all has, but be careful not to delete some important
files.
OK, now we are ready to finally go into the process of penetration testing, hopefully you are excited
since this is where the fun starts, let us see how to perform the first phase, which is information
gathering.
See you there.