Hello everyone.
And welcome back to the part three of Linux basic commands.
And in this tutorial we will cover some of the comments mostly used in order to communicate with the
system.
So let me just open the two terminals once again so I can write the comments in one terminal and execute
them in another terminal.
We'll basically just cover some of the comments for networking.
The most known and basic ones and some of the comments in order to check for example the running processes
or check for example the version of your headers and so on and so on.
So first of all we just now know commands to stay right here and first command that they want to cover
which is a simple command and you probably already know what it does is.
For example shutdown now most of you that know this command will know that this command won't really
shut down my P.C. right away.
For example if I click here enter right here it will say shut down scheduled for Monday and then the
time I believe this is one minute.
Yes it is one minute from me typing enter to this command.
So in about 50 seconds this Linux machine will shut down.
Now we do not want that since we have other comments to cover.
So we will just cancel it with shutdown minus C.
And right now our machine will not shut down.
Now if you want to restart from terminal for example you will type here reboot command reboot command.
Most of you probably expected it to be restart while restart command does not exist in Linux.
In order for you to restart the system you want to type here in terminal reboot.
Now don't clean cut and don't click enter here since it will shut down your P.C. while it will restart
it but automatically it doesn't have a one minute delay as it has with the shutdown command.
So we will not run this command will just basic cameras basically showing you if you click here enter
it for restart the machine.
So let me just type here the commands here will deleted here since we do not want to run it.
Now some of the comments that are towards the processes that are running in this machine are for example
P.S. which will give you the process running in the current terminal that we have open.
So this batch will be always open.
You do not need to run anything in order for this process to be here.
And the peace process is the process that we just ran.
As you can see right here now this is just the processes that this Linux terminal is running.
Now if you want to check all of the process you can just let me just in enlarges and launch this terminal
for one second and type your top.
This will open up all of the processes currently running on your carrier Linux machine.
Now most of this we don't even start ourselves.
This is just bunch of processes that the Linux itself starts up as it boot.
You can also see some of the some of the outputs right here such as CPO percentage usage tasks.
How many of them to running 176 sleeping available memory swap memory and bunch of other options.
So right here you can also check who is running the process in our case.
I believe all the process will be rolled since we don't even have any other account.
So all of them will be Ruth now that we got that out of the way in order to close this.
You just press here city roll plus X or Y and to just basically call this top comment which shows us
the process in real time.
Now you can see that it stopped so we can just clear the screen and put this terminal back to its size.
Let me just type here Pierce and pop.
We covered those for for no one.
Now another comment which is a really simple comment is your name.
So basically this will just give you out the name of your operating system which in our case is an x.
So it is just your name.
Now in order to check out all the options for this command you can just type here your man your name
and it will open up manual for this command.
And you can see things it is possible to do with this command.
So for example a minus sir which we used in order to installed our chatters before.
If you remember well basically to check our current headers it will print out the kernel release the
minus S4 printout as it says with your colonel name minus able print.
Also let's try minus eight.
And it will print out the full name as you can see Linux.
KELLY This is our Heather's version that we downloaded it in that image.
As I said it is debian based.
And there are a bunch of other additions to this kind.
So this is not really that important command.
Only in the process of installing the virtual box guest editions.
We used it so we might be using it from time to time but it's not that important really.
Now the next command that is important however is the command where you check out your I.P. address
now some of you may know that in Windows in order for you to check your I.P. address you type IP config
well in the next it is basically the same command except the second letter is switched with a F.
So it basically is I f config and this command will print out all the network interfaces that are currently
connected to the clinic's machine and also the IP addresses of those interfaces.
If they are connected to the Internet so we can see that right now we only have one interface where
basically two but one is a look back interface you will all have this one and you will probably all
have this one as well which will be named the same but in case for example that you plug in our violence
adapter you will be given another name for the marvelous interface which can be different from for all
of you.
Now here we can see our IP address which will probably be the same for you.
If you didn't configure it in the network settings now in order for us to change this we will cover
that in the next video where we changed this IP address to an IP address that basically belongs to our
own local network.
Now what do I mean by that.
Well almost all the other machines in my local network are starting with 1 92 that 168 that one.
And here we have a machine that starts with 10 0 2.
And basically those are not same those those do not belong to the same local network.
So we want to make this machine have the IP address that starts with 192 that 168 that one but we cover
that in the next material for now on.
This is just the command to check out your IP address and it is very important.
You should remember it as you will be using it extensively.
So next command is nuts that's not a separate comment because it has a bunch of options.
For example you want to type here net set and for example minus an R this command right here will basically
give you a gateway as you can see right here and the IP address of the gateway that you can check out.
I use it a lot in order to find out what is the IP address of the router on some of my files that I
do not know the IP address of the routing and in this case it is standard 0 2 the 2 but this is only
because we are using the net in order to connect to the Internet.
Once we configure the network in the next tutorial we will be having I believe 1 92 that 168 that one
that one as that is my router IP address.
So with nets that you can also check out for example your current connections DP connections and the.
Right now we don't have any connection as you can see.
Let me just check here with out a no doesn't have.
So basically we are not connected anywhere right now which is skewed because we are not even on the
Internet and we didn't fund any program in order to connect somewhere so we wont be having any connections
to the other IP addresses or servers right here.
But if you for example run some of the programs front for example Tor or run open firefox solid just
open firefox it should open up connection I believe
let's just open up and wait for it to connect and it is connected right now.
If we want to run the same command you can see that we are connected to the bunch of IP addresses different
IP addresses which are basically just the IP addresses of this website.
And here we have you can see that the process the program name that is making the connection is Firefox
and the program idea with 1 6 6 9.
So if we close this right here it shouldn't have them anymore.
Well it basically just has them.
Oh yes.
Right here you can see that before we closed it it was an established connection.
And right now we have a time wait state which basically means we are not connected anymore so we cannot
make communication with that site anymore since here it was established as we were opening that website
and here as we closed it there is no connection anymore.
I believe this will disappear in a few seconds or minutes but we wont be waiting for that large screen
to screen and they appear at nets that as we cover that now there are two probably two most important
commands that you want to run now.
Most people teach this at the beginning as one of the first commands but I only thought it right here
at the end because basically one of these commands will take hours to finish at least for me when I
install a new Kleenex machine.
It takes about an hour to finish so first command is apt apt update or you can just type your app to
get updates.
What this will do it with.
It will connect to the Linux repositories that you have linked in these sources of list file and it
will check for any updates.
Now you can see right here it is to carry the download.
And it will check if there are any current updates right there.
Now once that command finishes you want to go with app upgrade.
And as you can see this will print out a bunch of new files that need to be upgraded and it will possibly
be the same for you.
And if you click here why.
Which we for example want to.
This will take a lot of time to finish but you must do it now.
Not a lot of time but about an hour maybe 40 minutes I'm not really sure.
It depends.
And we won't be waiting of course for that to finish.
We will just cut to the next trial and for that time I want to show you the this simple last command
in order to communicate with the terminal in system which is basically just exit and maybe you will
need to run it twice because it has some process opened.
So if you type your exit it will basically just call the terminal.
Simple as that now if you run this command to operate which you should have and the you should wait
for it basically to finish it might ask you some of the questions along the process of installation
of these files and you basically want to answer yes to all of them.
So we won't be waiting for this to finish right now.
We will just cut it right here and I hope I see you in the next story where we will be configuring our
IP address in network settings.
Hope I see you there and take care.