WEBVTT 0 00:01.660 --> 00:08.590 After installing Kali Linux there are a few things you should do or at least be aware of. 1 00:08.590 --> 00:16.560 The most important thing to be aware of is the kali user. Starting with Kali 2020.1 2 00:16.560 --> 00:19.290 you cannot log in anymore. 3 00:19.320 --> 00:28.650 Using the root user and password toor .Now a standard non-privileged user called kali is available and 4 00:28.740 --> 00:36.330 its password is also kali. so I'm loging in with kali and password kali. 5 00:41.750 --> 00:51.080 many if not all administrative tasks including running hacking tools require root. They must be started as root. 6 00:51.140 --> 01:00.030 I'm opening a terminal and for the recording I'm changing the theme to a lighter one. You you'll 7 01:00.030 --> 01:00.920 see the better 8 01:06.180 --> 01:09.510 and I'm also changing the font I want a bigger size 9 01:12.240 --> 01:16.920 to become root you execute the command sudo su in a terminal 10 01:20.160 --> 01:24.890 and the password is kali. I am root. 11 01:27.770 --> 01:34.410 all commands executed in this terminal will start with root privileges. 12 01:34.480 --> 01:37.190 Notice that you are root in this terminal. 13 01:37.280 --> 01:44.420 Only temporarily until you log out. to log out you type exit or press on control + D 14 01:48.080 --> 01:49.990 if you open another terminal. 15 01:50.090 --> 01:59.180 You will not be logged in as root but as the non privileged user kali. so to become rude in this terminal 16 01:59.450 --> 02:05.180 you should execute sudo su again and kali 17 02:09.200 --> 02:15.380 if you don't want to temporarily become root in a terminal you can execute a single command as 18 02:15.410 --> 02:26.100 root using sudo and the command like this. I'm logged as kali and I am executing sudo apt install nmap 19 02:26.340 --> 02:38.120 the apt command will start with root privileges. and the password is kali. That's how you execute 20 02:38.150 --> 02:48.130 commands as root. Next you should install the guest additions in the host VM so in kali. they consists 21 02:48.190 --> 02:55.900 of device drivers and system applications that optimize the guest operating system for better performance 22 02:56.050 --> 02:57.520 and usability. 23 02:57.520 --> 03:05.350 The most important features are better mouse integration shared folders and clipboard between the host 24 03:05.470 --> 03:11.200 and the guest operating systems, better video support and so on. 25 03:11.200 --> 03:16.470 So go to devices and then click on insert guest additions. 26 03:16.510 --> 03:25.310 See the image. A new window pops up or you'll find it mounted on the desktop. 27 03:25.550 --> 03:30.800 This is provided as a single cd-rom image file which is called VBoxGuestAdditions 28 03:30.830 --> 03:33.850 dot iso 29 03:34.190 --> 03:40.980 This is located in the installation directory of virtual box and it means that it came with virtual 30 03:41.060 --> 03:42.800 box and it's already available. 31 03:43.720 --> 03:53.550 On Kali it was mounted in slash media slash cdrom0. I'm opening a new terminal and moving to that 32 03:53.590 --> 03:54.190 directory 33 03:59.500 --> 04:02.650 Let's see its content 34 04:02.730 --> 04:11.770 Here we see some executable files for different operating systems: Linux, Windows or Mac. 35 04:11.970 --> 04:18.900 We are running Linux so we are going to execute the Linux script which is vboxlinuxadditions.run 36 04:18.910 --> 04:24.220 this one. so as root I am executing the script. 37 04:24.370 --> 04:29.080 sudo bash and the name of the script. 38 04:32.950 --> 04:36.660 This is one way of executing scripts in Linux. 39 04:36.700 --> 04:39.260 I'm entering the password which is kali. 40 04:40.060 --> 04:44.340 It's asking if I wish to continue and I'm writing. 41 04:44.410 --> 04:44.860 Yes 42 04:49.360 --> 04:55.030 and it's running. it's adding some kernel modules and so on. 43 04:55.030 --> 04:57.360 I'm pausing the video until it's done 44 05:00.480 --> 05:02.990 and it's done. after it has finished 45 05:03.000 --> 05:10.430 It's recommended to restart the VM in order to load the new kernel modules so you could simply execute 46 05:10.450 --> 05:11.120 reboot 47 05:11.120 --> 05:12.020 At this moment 48 05:17.250 --> 05:18.690 I'm not doing it now 49 05:23.970 --> 05:32.110 another I think you should be aware of is that the non privileged user Kali has another path variable 50 05:32.320 --> 05:34.170 then the user root. 51 05:34.180 --> 05:42.040 This means that I run a comment that exists like ifconfig it will say command not found even 52 05:42.110 --> 05:53.460 though the command is there. you'll see it says comment not found. the reason is that the command is in 53 05:53.460 --> 05:56.490 the /usr/sbin directory 54 06:01.310 --> 06:12.430 and it doesn't search for commands there. It's searching for commands only in these directories 55 06:12.540 --> 06:15.340 note that /usr/sbin is not there 56 06:16.000 --> 06:21.390 What you can do is to execute the command using its absolute path like this 57 06:28.180 --> 06:32.170 or you could add the directory to path like this. 58 06:32.180 --> 06:36.160 I'm opening .bashrc from user's home directory. 59 06:40.430 --> 06:52.010 At the end of the file I'm adding export path equals dollar patj colon and the directory /usr/sbin 60 06:53.410 --> 06:55.400 and I'm saving the file. 61 06:55.600 --> 07:00.630 I've used the VIM editor which is not straightforward if you are not used to it. 62 07:02.800 --> 07:05.230 If you haven't used the VIM before 63 07:05.230 --> 07:08.740 don't try it now but use another editor. 64 07:11.670 --> 07:14.420 For example this simple text editor 65 07:29.430 --> 07:38.620 this is the file you have to edit to change the path. I'm closing the terminal because the new path settings 66 07:38.650 --> 07:44.900 will take effect only in new terminals. in a new terminal 67 07:44.900 --> 07:57.010 I can run ifconfig as kali without using the full absolute path it's in the path. during this course 68 07:57.310 --> 07:59.490 we'll use the terminal a lot. 69 07:59.650 --> 08:08.320 If you want to customize it you go to file -> preferences and in this window you can change the font 70 08:08.650 --> 08:17.450 the theme and many more. Another thing you can do is to update all applications. 71 08:17.550 --> 08:25.580 You can do that by executing as root apt update && apt full-upgrade 72 08:26.430 --> 08:27.790 so I'm becoming root, sudo su 73 08:27.890 --> 08:37.280 kali is the password and apt update && apt full-upgrade 74 08:41.690 --> 08:45.380 Note that it will take some time maybe a few minutes.