WEBVTT 0 00:01.650 --> 00:09.750 The Internet has changed our lives profoundly, the way we work, learn, play or socialize have been 1 00:09.750 --> 00:10.770 changed forever. 2 00:11.160 --> 00:15.000 It connected us in ways that we've never imagined before 3 00:15.390 --> 00:18.630 and it opened new worlds and opportunities. 4 00:20.600 --> 00:24.690 There are millions of emails sent every one second, 5 00:26.020 --> 00:31.980 hundreds of thousands of Google searches or YouTube videos opened every second. 6 00:33.380 --> 00:41.190 There is so much information on the Internet that no matter what your search for (a legal or illegal product 7 00:41.190 --> 00:47.550 or service), the Internet will provided for you. Though we are unique in our beliefs and feelings, 8 00:47.960 --> 00:54.300 chances are that there might be someone, somewhere out there, that will match us. 9 00:55.700 --> 01:03.510 However, the visible part of the web, the one that we usually search on Google or browse freely, represents 10 01:03.560 --> 01:07.340 no more than 4 or 5% of the total web. 11 01:07.850 --> 01:11.020 The remaining 95 percent is hidden. 12 01:11.630 --> 01:14.540 An image worths a thousand words! 13 01:14.750 --> 01:22.190 So just to understand it more clearly, we'll use the iceberg analogy that was first presented by a 14 01:22.190 --> 01:23.210 data scientist. 15 01:24.080 --> 01:26.660 We can break down the Web into 3 categories! 16 01:27.190 --> 01:35.600 The Surface Web is only the tip of the iceberg and is composed of pages indexed by search engines like 17 01:35.630 --> 01:38.030 Google and can be accessed freely. 18 01:38.660 --> 01:47.660 Wikipedia, Google, CNN, YouTube or a product page on Amazon are all examples of web pages that belong 19 01:47.660 --> 01:48.800 to the surface web. 20 01:49.520 --> 01:55.220 Most of us use it on a daily basis! Besides at the surface web 21 01:55.810 --> 02:03.200 there's the deep web, which refers to all the pages which are not indexed, which means that most search 22 02:03.260 --> 02:05.540 engines won't return them 23 02:05.540 --> 02:05.990 to you 24 02:06.260 --> 02:07.100 after a search. 25 02:08.670 --> 02:12.010 They are protected by a password or by any other means. 26 02:12.450 --> 02:19.620 The deep web consists of e-mail accounts, medical or financial records, governmental reports, legal 27 02:19.620 --> 02:27.000 documents or even parts of the legitimate mainstream web like Netflix or Amazon pages, simply because 28 02:27.000 --> 02:32.520 they're personalized for users and are available to you only after you've logged in. 29 02:33.090 --> 02:39.510 So when you log in into your e-mail or online banking application, you access in fact, a part 30 02:39.630 --> 02:40.530 of the deep web. 31 02:41.580 --> 02:44.520 So the deep web is not so cool as it sounds. 32 02:44.910 --> 02:49.560 It's similar to the surface web only with an extra layer of protection. 33 02:50.070 --> 02:54.000 However, the deep web is a massive part of the Internet, 34 02:54.450 --> 02:57.670 approximately 96% being on it. 35 02:58.650 --> 03:01.710 Let's move on and see what is the Dark web. 36 03:02.400 --> 03:07.290 It's the unseen part of the Internet and it's technically a part of the deep web, 37 03:07.860 --> 03:15.360 even a layer deeper. It consists of onion services that run in the Tor network and can be accessed 38 03:15.510 --> 03:16.950 only with the Tor browser. 39 03:18.010 --> 03:20.110 The name of such a website 40 03:20.440 --> 03:24.880 looks like some random characters and .onion at the end. 41 03:25.330 --> 03:27.370 It doesn't look familiar at all. 42 03:28.060 --> 03:31.600 There is no .com, .org or . and your country code. 43 03:32.400 --> 03:36.310 There's kind of address can be accessed only with the Tor browser. 44 03:37.210 --> 03:43.880 If you try to access such a service using a traditional Web browser, it definitely won't work. 45 03:46.060 --> 03:50.840 It's not working! Let's try to access these onion service using Tor. 46 03:51.370 --> 03:54.270 This is Thor and I'm pasting it. 47 03:57.310 --> 03:58.210 And it's working. 48 03:59.260 --> 04:06.250 These services don't have an IP address like the websites are familiar with and are unrecognizable. 49 04:07.090 --> 04:13.240 If the user's identity and behavior can be easily tracked by governments and corporations 50 04:13.330 --> 04:14.440 on the surface web, 51 04:14.740 --> 04:18.190 what happens on the dark web is highly secret. 52 04:18.820 --> 04:24.370 Both the users and the website's identity are completely anonymous. 53 04:25.600 --> 04:28.300 Before continuing, I have a warning for you! 54 04:28.900 --> 04:33.010 This video is part of a series that's for educational purposes only. 55 04:33.370 --> 04:40.420 Please DO NOT enter the Dark Web unless you know what you are doing! And be aware you are fully and solely 56 04:40.420 --> 04:42.520 responsible for your actions. 57 04:44.400 --> 04:45.760 Let's take this example! 58 04:47.160 --> 04:52.060 Using the Tor browser, I've connected to this onion hidden service, 59 04:52.430 --> 04:53.490 so to the dark Web. 60 04:54.000 --> 04:58.830 This is the onion address of the DuckDuckGo search engine. 61 04:59.850 --> 05:01.950 You know it because you see its logo. 62 05:02.310 --> 05:07.320 But no one can ever find out that I'm connected to this website, 63 05:07.680 --> 05:08.970 what is my identity, 64 05:09.390 --> 05:13.350 what is the website's identity or where is it located. 65 05:13.860 --> 05:21.640 I, the website, our locations and the way we are communicating are completely hidden and secret. 66 05:22.300 --> 05:28.980 And we are not even communicating directly, but through many Tor relays and the rendezvous point. 67 05:30.220 --> 05:33.610 Now, at the end, I want to tell you something very important. 68 05:34.100 --> 05:41.350 If the Tor browser is used mainly for illegal activities like browsing the Web anonymously and circumvent 69 05:41.410 --> 05:49.420 censorship in countries with a low level of democracy, the Dark Web is focused mainly on illegal activities 70 05:49.540 --> 05:50.410 and services. 71 05:51.610 --> 05:58.000 Note that according to some statistics, less than 8% of the total users access the Dark 72 05:58.000 --> 05:59.710 Web. On the Dark Web 73 06:00.010 --> 06:07.600 you can buy a valid Social Security number at the cost of a few dollars and then with a few hundreds, 74 06:07.660 --> 06:15.400 even a fake I.D. card and steal someone's identity. Or for a few dollars an hour you can buy a Botnet 75 06:15.550 --> 06:19.890 and perform a DDoS attack to take down any service or site. 76 06:20.860 --> 06:23.020 There are also stolen credit cards. 77 06:23.630 --> 06:25.140 It's the criminals' heaven. 78 06:25.690 --> 06:32.020 Some people call it the place where humanity's darkest sight surfaces. 79 06:32.590 --> 06:35.200 It's even worse that you could ever imagine. 80 06:35.530 --> 06:41.720 It's the place where criminals, drug dealers, predators or human traffickers lie. 81 06:42.700 --> 06:47.920 The lack of rules here allow anything and anyone to exist!