Nearby Share is Android's version of AirDrop on iOS. This file is stored at  

/USERDATA/data/com.google.android.gms/shared_prefs/nearbysharing/service/state.xml 

  •  Phone Name 

  •  Unique Identifier 

  •  Google account 

  •  Status (enabled true/false) 

NOTE: Outside of logcat, it has been difficult to find any stored information about file transfers.  Logcat retention times range anywhere from a few minutes to about 24 hours depending on the phone.  Sometimes, you may fine you can't even find the information in logcat if the logs roll over quick enough.

  •  See https://thebinaryhick.blog/2020/08/22/nearby-share-airdrop-for-android-return-of-the-unsolicited-richard-photograph/