Let us start with IP address in computer networks.
In this lecture, we'll see what is an IP address, it's notation and types of IP address.
So you might have heard this term interchangeably when someone you talk with, a technical person that
he says, tell me your IP address.
So what is an IP address?
An IP address works in an IP network, just like a postal address works in the postal system.
A postal address is the combination of two addresses area address and house address.
Area address is the group of addresses of all houses which belong to a particular area and whose address
is a unique address of a specific house in that area.
Each area is represented by a unique PIN code number in the postal system.
Great PIN code host in fast processing of a meal in a central post office where thousands or in some
cases millions of meals are received, forwarded and delivered.
Daily Processing Mail based on complete address is next to impossible.
So consider a busy post office.
The clock does not give the complete address of the package to make his decision, he only pays attention
to the pinnacle.
He reads the PIN code and drops the package in the container, which will be forwarded to the nearest
post office of that area in the same process is followed at the next post office and so on and so on
until the package reaches the post office, which delivers packages in the destination area.
At the last, the recipient's house address is used to deliver the package.
So I hope you understand this example and this exact mechanism is used in IP networks.
So an IP address or simply IP is a unique address that identifies a device on the Internet or on local
network.
It allows a system to be recognized by other systems connected via the Internet protocol, just like
the PIN code network address helps in fast processing of the packets in the IP network, routers do
exactly what post offices do in the postal system.
Routers use a network address to find the destination network and host address to deliver the packets.
So let us see an example of IP address, as you can see, many of the people who are, you know, using
computers or mobile devices do not even know what is an IP address.
If you tell them and a number, they just they are just confused whether this is an IP address or not.
So as I said in the previous lecture, there are two types of IP addresses.
The first one is the IP forwarding and the second one is IP.
This explosion, IP v4 version was first used by ARPANET in 1983.
It consists of four set of numbers from zero to 225, separated by three dots.
So when you visit all the random website www.youtube.com in your Web browser on Netflix, the system
automatically translates the domain name Netflix dot com.
The IP address one zero seven one to zero point one seventy five 192 for that respective region.
The range of IP address is from zero point zero point zero point zero two two fifty five point fifty
five point fifty five point fifty five.
Now what?
It's 224 255.
There are eight bits and the maximum value of eight bit is 256 to the power.
It therefore 256 different values are available in single octet, which means zero to 255.
Obviously IP address is less secure than IPV six.
As you can see in the picture, 172 point sixteen point two, fifty four point one is the IP address,
172 is then represented in binary, 16 is then represented in binary and so on.
So that update of eight bits is one byte.
And therefore, since there are four different numbers, 172, 16, 254 and one, there are 32 bits,
which is it into four bits.
Therefore there are 32 bits IPV to address.
This notation of IP address is known as DOT decimal notation.
Now, what does an IP address, the Virgin six of IP address is the most recent Virgin, which was initiated
in 1994.
It contains eight sets of four hexadecimal digits and uses Colon's to separate each block.
So in the image you can see they're two zero zero one colon debate.
Colon one, two, three four, colon one five to see colon and so on.
Therefore, number of possible IP addresses are three point four into 10 to the power 38.
That's a huge number.
And obviously IP address is more secure then IP address.
So let us have a quick recap.
I hope you understood the example of IP address that I just demonstrated using the PIN code in the area,
then we saw what our IP address types of IP addresses before and V six.
And finally we saw in detail what does it mean by version four and and six and the differences between
them.
In the next lecture, we will talk in detail about different classes of IP address.