1
00:00:04,980 --> 00:00:11,400
Let us explore the fundamentals of cyber security in this video, we will discuss about the types of

2
00:00:11,400 --> 00:00:15,800
actors who play a major role in various types of attacks in the cyber world.

3
00:00:18,560 --> 00:00:25,880
First is darker before discussing darker, we will discuss the definition of hacking, hacking refers

4
00:00:25,880 --> 00:00:32,090
to activities that seek to compromise digital devices such as computers, smartphones, tablets and

5
00:00:32,090 --> 00:00:33,500
even entire networks.

6
00:00:33,920 --> 00:00:37,220
And with hacking might not always be for malicious purposes.

7
00:00:37,520 --> 00:00:44,150
Nowadays, most references to hacking and hackers characterize them as unlawful activity by cyber criminals

8
00:00:44,810 --> 00:00:51,110
motivated by financial gain, protest, information gathering, spying and even just for fun of the

9
00:00:51,110 --> 00:00:51,620
challenge.

10
00:00:53,150 --> 00:01:00,590
Hackers are the artists, computer addicts, challenge seekers, creators, and sometimes for good destroyer's.

11
00:01:01,850 --> 00:01:07,290
All the online transactions, bill payments and all that stuff are possible because of them.

12
00:01:08,210 --> 00:01:11,780
The media has mixed up the word hackers with cracker's.

13
00:01:12,840 --> 00:01:19,180
Crackers are the ones who do that nuisance, they basically have lack of knowledge in the field and

14
00:01:19,180 --> 00:01:23,370
to present themselves as Hekker to avoid the crack in the computer systems.

15
00:01:24,650 --> 00:01:27,450
Hackers are the smartest guys in the field of computers.

16
00:01:28,100 --> 00:01:32,000
They have more knowledge and information than those who develop a software or system.

17
00:01:32,210 --> 00:01:37,910
Hackers are the visionaries who could see new ways to use computers, creating programs that no one

18
00:01:37,910 --> 00:01:38,930
else could conceive.

19
00:01:39,890 --> 00:01:45,140
They were the pioneers of computer industry, building everything from small applications to operating

20
00:01:45,140 --> 00:01:50,930
systems, like if something is made by a human brain, it can also be hacked by human brain.

21
00:01:52,050 --> 00:01:57,390
Hacking is typically technical in nature, like creating malware, tracing their deposits, malware

22
00:01:57,390 --> 00:02:00,450
in a drive by attack, requiring no user interaction.

23
00:02:01,020 --> 00:02:07,290
But hackers can also use psychological trick users into clicking onto malicious attachment and providing

24
00:02:07,290 --> 00:02:08,130
personal data.

25
00:02:08,640 --> 00:02:11,100
These tactics are referred to as social engineering.

26
00:02:11,520 --> 00:02:13,230
Therefore, time is the key.

27
00:02:13,560 --> 00:02:16,920
Next is the cyber terrorist and cyber terrorism.

28
00:02:18,150 --> 00:02:24,690
Cyber terrorism is the use of Internet based attacks and terrorist activities, including acts of deliberate,

29
00:02:24,870 --> 00:02:30,870
large scale disruption of computer networks, especially of personal computers attached to the Internet

30
00:02:31,020 --> 00:02:38,940
by the means of tools such as computer viruses, cyber terrorism itself, a controversial term, some

31
00:02:38,940 --> 00:02:44,340
other issues, a very narrow definition relating to deployments by the known terrorist organizations

32
00:02:44,490 --> 00:02:50,310
regarding disruption of attacks against information systems for the primary purpose of creating alarm

33
00:02:50,310 --> 00:02:50,940
and panic.

34
00:02:52,000 --> 00:02:57,750
By this narrow definition, it is difficult to identify any instance instances of cyberterrorism.

35
00:02:58,300 --> 00:03:01,210
The term was first coined in 1994.

36
00:03:03,010 --> 00:03:08,890
It differs from traditional tourism because of its ability to gain leverage from person, group or government

37
00:03:08,890 --> 00:03:14,380
of computer information in order to cause physical damage or harm or to blackmail or target.

38
00:03:15,070 --> 00:03:21,730
Nevertheless, just as traditional terrorism, cyber terrorism causes a net loss of property and terror

39
00:03:21,730 --> 00:03:29,500
in people's mind, cyber terrorism also involves worldwide economic chaos and environmental damage back

40
00:03:29,500 --> 00:03:30,640
in critical systems.

41
00:03:32,490 --> 00:03:35,850
Cyber terrorism is the convergence of cyberspace and terrorism.

42
00:03:36,710 --> 00:03:43,100
It refers to unlawful acts or threats against computers, networks and information stored within the.

43
00:03:44,490 --> 00:03:52,380
Areas of cyber terrorism are like fishing, what rolling ransomware scanning next is the hacktivism,

44
00:03:53,280 --> 00:03:56,490
it is derived from combining the words hack and activism.

45
00:03:57,060 --> 00:04:03,240
Hacktivism is the act of hacking or breaking into computer system for politically or socially motivated

46
00:04:03,240 --> 00:04:03,890
purposes.

47
00:04:04,560 --> 00:04:08,580
The individual who performs an act of activism is said to be activist.

48
00:04:09,450 --> 00:04:15,540
Logically, I can say that hacktivism may be described as the falling of uncultured members of the society

49
00:04:15,930 --> 00:04:21,390
who are want to make the environment unclean and who are capable for feeling the fear in the heart of

50
00:04:21,390 --> 00:04:27,780
innocent humanity, common targets for activists in government agencies, multinational corporations

51
00:04:27,840 --> 00:04:31,080
or any other entity perceived as bad or wrong.

52
00:04:31,080 --> 00:04:37,560
But hacktivist group or individual, of course, gaining unauthorized access to any organization's assets

53
00:04:37,710 --> 00:04:42,330
to such activities is a criminal act, no matter what the intention might be.

54
00:04:42,520 --> 00:04:48,750
Activism is part when individuals or groups perception of what they consider to be wrong are unjust

55
00:04:48,750 --> 00:04:52,030
and hence incentivizes them to do something about it.

56
00:04:52,910 --> 00:05:00,000
Motivations include revenge, political or social incentives, ideology, protest, a desire to embarrass

57
00:05:00,000 --> 00:05:05,490
certain organizations or individuals within those organizations, or sometimes sheer vandalism.

58
00:05:06,120 --> 00:05:12,810
In general, hacker groups aim to question, provoke and challenge governments, organizations and companies

59
00:05:12,840 --> 00:05:17,670
who go against their moral position next to the state sponsor attacks.

60
00:05:18,150 --> 00:05:24,380
There is a global chess match between nation states and businesses and various digital organizations.

61
00:05:25,050 --> 00:05:31,110
The result is a state sponsored cyber attacks, which have emerged as one of the prominent threats targeting

62
00:05:31,110 --> 00:05:31,910
companies today.

63
00:05:32,960 --> 00:05:39,260
Backed by the government and funded with the biggest bank rules, state sponsored groups can apply seemingly

64
00:05:39,260 --> 00:05:46,160
limitless resources to achieve their objectives in an age when cybersecurity communities are strapped

65
00:05:46,160 --> 00:05:54,080
by tight budgets and a cybersecurity talent shortage out of 94 cases of cyber attacks reported as financial

66
00:05:54,080 --> 00:05:55,800
crimes since 2007.

67
00:05:56,150 --> 00:06:02,870
The attackers, when 23 of them were believed to be a state sponsor, the majority coming from countries

68
00:06:02,870 --> 00:06:06,320
like Iran, Russia, China and North Korea.

69
00:06:07,830 --> 00:06:14,760
State sponsored actors often have particular objectives aligned with either the political, commercial

70
00:06:14,760 --> 00:06:17,150
or military interests of the country.

71
00:06:18,630 --> 00:06:24,900
Very well, possible state sponsored actors will use standard acting methodology used by other typical

72
00:06:24,900 --> 00:06:27,270
cyber crime actors and penetration testers.

73
00:06:28,800 --> 00:06:34,920
State sponsored actors will really make a lot of noise and cause sufficient disruption to warrant suspicion

74
00:06:35,040 --> 00:06:36,120
or trigger detection.

75
00:06:37,360 --> 00:06:42,820
Their objectives are to remain persistent, to retain oversight of communications or access to sensitive

76
00:06:42,820 --> 00:06:43,160
data.

77
00:06:44,050 --> 00:06:45,340
Next transcript, Killis.

78
00:06:46,430 --> 00:06:51,200
Script kiddies are probably the lowest level of hackers, these hackers.

79
00:06:55,150 --> 00:07:02,290
Next hour, the script kiddies script kids are probably the lowest level of hackers, these hackers

80
00:07:02,530 --> 00:07:05,650
don't create or developed hacking tools by themselves.

81
00:07:06,080 --> 00:07:09,880
They didn't really copy tools and methods from books or the Internet.

82
00:07:10,720 --> 00:07:17,350
As far as I know, names clip critique comes from the idea of younger people who don't know how to grow

83
00:07:17,350 --> 00:07:22,900
the program are just keeping the scripts that other people have already made and tried to hack with

84
00:07:22,900 --> 00:07:23,200
them.

85
00:07:24,490 --> 00:07:28,150
For example, imagine a child gets their first computer.

86
00:07:28,810 --> 00:07:34,990
The child watches a movie about hacking and then downloads a copy of Linux to begin playing with the

87
00:07:34,990 --> 00:07:38,150
various programs while searching for online tutorials.

88
00:07:39,010 --> 00:07:44,230
The most serious threat a script possesses is through the use of social engineering techniques.

89
00:07:45,190 --> 00:07:49,690
A script kiddie lacks the knowledge to create software or exploit vulnerabilities.

90
00:07:50,110 --> 00:07:55,690
To compensate, they often turn to social engineering in order to manipulate the victims into granting

91
00:07:55,690 --> 00:07:57,440
access or sharing information.

92
00:07:58,720 --> 00:08:02,650
Ethical hacking is not the same thing as a scripted script.

93
00:08:02,650 --> 00:08:08,650
Kiddies are essentially just people who think they can hack and only a very small amount of information.

94
00:08:09,250 --> 00:08:12,390
Let us have a quick recap of what we learned in this lecture.

95
00:08:13,060 --> 00:08:20,890
We studied five types of actors hackers, cyber terrorists, terrorism, state sponsored actors and

96
00:08:20,890 --> 00:08:21,730
script kiddies.

97
00:08:23,280 --> 00:08:29,010
In the next lecture, we will explore two types of attacks is to attack, attack, to attack.