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Hello and welcome to this video.

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In this video I'm going to introduce you to casting in Python.

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What is casting casting is the process of converting the value of a variable from one data type to another.

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Usually you can do this by using various types of built in functions in Python.

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The three common functions that can be used for casting are int which converts a value to an integer

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an integer.

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Basically a whole number.

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You can also use a function called float which converts a value to a floating point number floating

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point is a decimal number.

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You also have a function called T R which is short for string a converts a value to a string or text.

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I'm going to show you some examples of casting and I'm going to be using my Python interactive shell

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if you on the windows just open up your command prompt and just typing python and press enter and that

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gives you access to the interactive shell.

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If you're on a Mac you can type in Python 3 on your terminal and that will give you access to the interactive

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show.

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So I want to start off by creating some variables.

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I'm gonna create a variable and we'll call it X and I'm going to give it a value of 70 which is going

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to be a string.

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So I'm going to put quotes around it.

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Anything that has a quote rounded is treated as a string.

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So I press enter to that and I'm going to add another variable called this one.

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Why now give it's also a string value so I'll do single quote.

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Make this a negative number.

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I'm making negative 20 so this at the closing quotes of these two variables are text or strings.

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The values are treated as a string.

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Now if I use a print statement failed to print and I pass in the value of x plus y and presenter you

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can see is giving me 70 minus 20.

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That's because it's treating the values as string that is treating them as text.

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I can now do some casting here by converting the values into an integer which is a whole number.

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So to convert the values into an integer I can do the print statement again and inside the print function.

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I'm going to nest the int function and inside that in function I'm going to pass in the variable x and

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then I'll add my addition and then I'll do the int function again.

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And inside the parentheses for that in function a passing variable Y.

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Now if I run this again I should get a proper result you can see now is giving me 50 which is a whole

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number on integer.

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So I was able to do some casting by converting the value original value which was a text value in to

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an int which is an integer or a whole number.

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All right.

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So that's an example of doing casting and changing a value to an integer or a whole number.

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Let me show you an example of converting to a float.

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So I'm going to create two other variables will not create a variable C and I'm going to give it a value

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of seven.

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I'm going to create a variable code D.

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I'm going to give it a value of eight.

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So these values are integers.

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If I want to convert the values into a float a float is a decimal number I can use the function code

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float.

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So inside my print function I'm going to nest a function called float which will convert the values

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into a decimal or a floating point number.

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So inside our float function I'm going to passing the first variable which is C All right.

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And then I will do an addition and I add the function float again I'm passing the second variable which

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is D.

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Now if I press enter it should give me fifteen point five.

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The point 0 here makes it a floating point number.

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So anything with a decimal he's treated as a floating point number.

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So that's an example of casting that converts to a floating point number.

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I'm going to do one more when I create a couple of variables again a creative variable e I'm going to

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give it a value of nine.

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I'll press into a crate on another variable f I'm going to give it a value of say eight point five so

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this the values are the first value for E.

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That's an integer whole number and the value for F is a floating point number to convert the values

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into a string.

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I need to use a function called S T R so I'm going to type in print which is a print function and inside

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the print function.

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I'm going to add the SDR function.

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So inside the parentheses for the SGI function are passing the first variable e.

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Okay.

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And then I'll do a comma.

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I'll add a text that says and aloud to a comma after that okay.

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And then I'll add another SDR function and inside the parentheses are passing variable f Okay and then

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I'll do a comma.

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Now add another text that will be added to the variable values.

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So that is it.

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I'm just gonna close that and I'll close the parentheses so I press enter and you can see here it says

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nine and a point five are strings.

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So I was able to convert the values of the variable E and F in to string by using the PCR function.

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So that's basically what casting is where you change the value of a variable from one data type to another.

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Thanks for watching and bye for now.