1 00:00:00,990 --> 00:00:01,530 Welcome back. 2 00:00:02,160 --> 00:00:08,080 Let's talk about our first data type and you know what let's do two at the same time. 3 00:00:08,490 --> 00:00:19,200 We have it and floats it stands for integer as you can see here and float stands for a floating point 4 00:00:19,410 --> 00:00:20,930 number. 5 00:00:21,840 --> 00:00:24,400 Let's explore that first. 6 00:00:24,420 --> 00:00:34,770 Let's start off with integer an integer is well a number three or four or five. 7 00:00:34,770 --> 00:00:39,100 These are all integers in a programming language. 8 00:00:39,330 --> 00:00:47,050 You can use integers to do mathematical operations for example two plus four. 9 00:00:47,250 --> 00:00:50,730 If I run this well nothing gets printed. 10 00:00:50,730 --> 00:00:58,200 Because again we have to perform some action on these data types and one action that we've learned so 11 00:00:58,200 --> 00:01:10,220 far is this idea of printing and we print something by calling the print keyword with the brackets so 12 00:01:10,220 --> 00:01:21,010 the brackets is almost like saying hey perform this action on these data types and if we run this we 13 00:01:21,010 --> 00:01:23,570 get six right here. 14 00:01:23,680 --> 00:01:31,390 Awesome so not only are we using print but we're also using the plus sign to perform an action to add 15 00:01:31,630 --> 00:01:33,960 the two data types together. 16 00:01:34,090 --> 00:01:42,730 And as you can imagine we can do most mathematical operations the basic ones we can do negative we can 17 00:01:42,730 --> 00:01:54,640 do let's say two times for and then we can also do two divided by four and in fact click run here. 18 00:01:54,660 --> 00:01:55,170 All right. 19 00:01:55,170 --> 00:01:57,210 It looks like everything is working. 20 00:01:57,420 --> 00:01:59,900 We've added We've subtracted. 21 00:02:00,030 --> 00:02:01,380 We've multiplied. 22 00:02:01,380 --> 00:02:04,650 And then we've also divide it. 23 00:02:04,660 --> 00:02:07,510 Now here's the interesting part. 24 00:02:07,700 --> 00:02:14,960 Up until now we've used what we call integers that is these are a whole numbers. 25 00:02:15,040 --> 00:02:16,930 There's no decimal places. 26 00:02:17,060 --> 00:02:27,230 They're just well integers and a neat trick that I can do here is I can actually say hey what's the 27 00:02:27,230 --> 00:02:40,190 type of two plus four if I click Run here All right let's let's decipher what just happened I've taught 28 00:02:40,190 --> 00:02:46,080 you a another action that we can perform which is something called type which tells us hey what data 29 00:02:46,080 --> 00:02:52,320 type is this and just like in math we go bracket by bracket. 30 00:02:52,360 --> 00:02:57,220 So the first part Python says hey what's two plus four. 31 00:02:57,220 --> 00:03:04,580 Well that's going to be six and it's going to say hey what's the type of six. 32 00:03:04,630 --> 00:03:07,000 Well the type of six that's an integer. 33 00:03:07,060 --> 00:03:13,150 So it's going to say class and we don't have to worry about the class keyword for now. 34 00:03:13,180 --> 00:03:14,900 That's something that we'll talk about later. 35 00:03:14,980 --> 00:03:18,580 But we see here that we're using I.A. for integer. 36 00:03:18,580 --> 00:03:26,440 And then finally after this gets evaluated by Python we print out whatever this does which is class 37 00:03:26,530 --> 00:03:28,870 int now. 38 00:03:28,890 --> 00:03:29,880 Check this out. 39 00:03:29,910 --> 00:03:32,660 Let's do the same for all these ones as well. 40 00:03:33,850 --> 00:03:37,330 So we're gonna say type here type 41 00:03:40,460 --> 00:03:43,960 and then type here. 42 00:03:44,100 --> 00:03:46,590 And if this syntax is intimidating Don't worry. 43 00:03:46,590 --> 00:03:48,160 This is something that you get used to. 44 00:03:48,180 --> 00:03:50,230 This is your first programming language. 45 00:03:50,280 --> 00:03:55,680 It is not going to be easy because well if it was easy then everybody would be doing it. 46 00:03:55,710 --> 00:03:56,890 So hang in there. 47 00:03:56,970 --> 00:03:59,100 Trust me as you practice more. 48 00:03:59,130 --> 00:04:01,570 This is going to start making more and more sense. 49 00:04:02,340 --> 00:04:10,620 Now before I click Run what do you think of the output of each one of these lines are ready. 50 00:04:10,740 --> 00:04:11,470 Give it a guess. 51 00:04:11,530 --> 00:04:15,490 And let's click Run. 52 00:04:15,500 --> 00:04:17,850 All right we got it. 53 00:04:18,900 --> 00:04:23,460 Four six we have negative 2 here which is also an integer. 54 00:04:23,460 --> 00:04:27,740 We have eight here which again is also an integer. 55 00:04:28,170 --> 00:04:35,920 But then we have float because two divided by four is zero point five. 56 00:04:36,550 --> 00:04:37,810 What is that. 57 00:04:37,810 --> 00:04:41,380 Well remember we are talking about two data types here. 58 00:04:41,440 --> 00:04:50,350 We're talking about int and float and float is what we call a floating point number a floating point 59 00:04:50,350 --> 00:04:54,790 number is simply a number with a decimal point. 60 00:04:54,880 --> 00:04:58,830 In our case this is zero point five. 61 00:04:58,840 --> 00:05:08,720 So it's a floating point number so if we write a number let's say we'll do print type and then I'll 62 00:05:08,720 --> 00:05:12,790 say zero point 0 0 0 0 1. 63 00:05:12,870 --> 00:05:14,130 What do you think we'll get. 64 00:05:14,130 --> 00:05:21,200 Well we would get a float if I do five point 0 0 0 1. 65 00:05:21,220 --> 00:05:24,210 Again we'll get a float. 66 00:05:24,250 --> 00:05:37,070 What about the number zero if I click Run I get an int because while there's no decimal points why do 67 00:05:37,070 --> 00:05:42,940 we need to make this distinction in programming and specifically in python. 68 00:05:42,950 --> 00:05:50,170 Well it's because a float takes up actually a lot more space in memory than an integer. 69 00:05:50,170 --> 00:05:51,200 Right. 70 00:05:51,250 --> 00:05:56,170 Because remember this number the number six. 71 00:05:56,410 --> 00:05:59,240 This needs to get stored in memory. 72 00:05:59,530 --> 00:06:01,400 On our machine. 73 00:06:01,690 --> 00:06:05,560 And remember that machines don't really understand this. 74 00:06:05,620 --> 00:06:13,750 They understand zeros and one and they store this number in something called a binary or binary numbers 75 00:06:13,990 --> 00:06:16,330 which is zeros and ones. 76 00:06:16,330 --> 00:06:25,750 Now the problem is when you have a decimal places like zero point or less to ten point five six it's 77 00:06:25,750 --> 00:06:31,550 hard to represent that in a binary number of zeros and ones because of this point. 78 00:06:31,600 --> 00:06:40,120 So a floating point number essentially stores these numbers in two different location one for the 10 79 00:06:40,540 --> 00:06:43,560 and one for 56. 80 00:06:43,580 --> 00:06:46,750 Now we don't need to get technical here but that's the idea. 81 00:06:46,790 --> 00:06:54,500 The idea is that we need more memory to store a number like this than a number like this. 82 00:06:54,530 --> 00:06:59,900 Now the topic of floating point numbers is really really interesting and I'll link to a resource but 83 00:06:59,900 --> 00:07:02,690 the best way to learn more about floating points. 84 00:07:02,690 --> 00:07:09,050 Again it's not super important that you know the technical details but if you go to a floating point 85 00:07:09,860 --> 00:07:11,150 number Python 86 00:07:13,920 --> 00:07:21,060 again you want to make sure that you go to the documentation for version 3 and you can actually learn 87 00:07:21,060 --> 00:07:27,690 about floating point Earth mistake and these official documentation by Python are always a good tool 88 00:07:27,690 --> 00:07:33,150 for you to use whenever you get confused about something or you want to get a little bit more extra 89 00:07:33,150 --> 00:07:45,880 detail but let's get back to the topic at hand both int and float are used for while numbers right and 90 00:07:46,060 --> 00:07:53,850 python is going to automatically format the type to whatever will make sense. 91 00:07:53,980 --> 00:08:07,770 For example if in here I do 20 plus one point one one is a integer the other one is a floating point 92 00:08:07,770 --> 00:08:15,160 number but when I click Run here automatically python is going to convert it to float. 93 00:08:15,200 --> 00:08:22,740 Let's remove these here so that we don't get confused by them so if I run this we see that this whole 94 00:08:22,740 --> 00:08:27,090 expression is converted into well a float. 95 00:08:27,090 --> 00:08:39,080 Now if I do let's say nine point nine here which will equal to eleven and I click Run these two floats 96 00:08:39,650 --> 00:08:47,660 add up to while still a floating point number because if I remove that type from here and I click Run 97 00:08:49,840 --> 00:08:53,880 It gives me the result eleven point zero. 98 00:08:53,920 --> 00:09:01,020 It keeps the floating point numbers all right but at the end of the day what we care about is that that 99 00:09:01,020 --> 00:09:03,270 Python works the way we expect it to. 100 00:09:03,330 --> 00:09:12,230 That is we can do mathematical operations as a matter of fact we can do a few other things as well. 101 00:09:12,310 --> 00:09:23,680 There's also this idea of the double multiply so this means to the power of so two to the power of two. 102 00:09:23,760 --> 00:09:33,640 Well that's going to equal 4 to do the power of 3 is going to equal 8. 103 00:09:33,670 --> 00:09:45,030 We also have the double divide that is that we can do to divide it by 4 but then we use two slashes 104 00:09:45,030 --> 00:09:45,600 here. 105 00:09:45,930 --> 00:09:58,220 If I click Run here I get zero this actually returns an integer rounded down. 106 00:09:58,430 --> 00:10:12,810 If I do three divided by four I get zero but if I do five divided by 4 I get one this gets rounded down 107 00:10:13,020 --> 00:10:16,340 to a integer. 108 00:10:16,360 --> 00:10:23,800 Finally the last operator that we're going to learn about is called modulo and it looks something like 109 00:10:23,800 --> 00:10:24,670 this. 110 00:10:24,770 --> 00:10:43,230 If I do 5 modulo which is the percent sign divided by 4 or modulo 4 5 run this I get 1 modulo is used 111 00:10:43,590 --> 00:10:46,980 to represent what's the remainder of this division. 112 00:10:47,010 --> 00:10:52,590 So if I divide 5 by for the remainder of this division will be 1. 113 00:10:52,590 --> 00:11:03,580 If I do 6 divided by 4 with modulo and I run I get to 2 is the remainder of 4 All right. 114 00:11:03,650 --> 00:11:08,640 Let's take a break and learn a little bit more about these numbers in the next video by.