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Hi, everyone.

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So in this session, we are going to learn something which is called Vector's.

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So if you remember the U.S. Suenos, we cover the problem.

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We implemented a class and the name of the class was dynamic class.

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Now it is a vector.

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So vector is basically inbuilt dynamic.

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Very.

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So whenever we have a feeling that I want to use that imagery, what we will use, we will use Vector

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because it is and it is provided by C++ so it isn't built and we can directly use vectors.

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Now, what are the main two properties of vector, so just like the Democratic class, that is exactly

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the same as dynamic class or what will happen to the first property is basically you do not have to

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give the size of the vector add friend.

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You don't have to give.

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So if you are creating an area, how do we create a net without end?

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And then we will give the site, for example, the existing word for creating the vector.

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You do not have to give size.

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So that is the main benefit of the vector.

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There is no need to give size and the second benefit of using that already is, is basically you can

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insert as much number of elements as you want.

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If we consider the day you cannot push, you cannot insert more than 10 elements, you cannot insert

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11 elements inside this area.

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But if you are using vector since the vectors dynamic, so what will happen?

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We all know the property of vectors.

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Basically, it will double the size of this field.

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So, for example, if the workplace initially decides to.

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If you will push the two elements, basically, if the victories failed, then what will happen next?

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So now the current size of the vector is basically four and you can insert the elements here.

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Similarly, if this computer that is filled, then what will happen?

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That will again the size.

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So the size will become it.

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If this factor is full, then the size will become 16.

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So effectively keep doubling its size.

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And basically you can insert as much number of elements as you want.

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But with that, once you give the size, you cannot insert more than 10 elements in this case.

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But with Vector, you can insert as much number of elements as you want.

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And initially you don't have to give any size to create development vector.

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So these are the two main properties.

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Why use vector?

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So now let's see Vector in action.

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Let us see how we can use vector.

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So first, let's let's see how do we create a vector?

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So I have to right the key word, Victor.

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So I will write Victor Victory.

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So is this right or wrong?

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This is wrong.

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Why?

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Because Victor is implemented using template.

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So basically you have to give the dinner table.

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So.

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So I want to create vector of integers.

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So you have to write what you want, the story in your vector.

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I want the story, A.J., so you have to give in here.

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Now, as discussed many times, there are two ways to create victory.

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One is using this tactical location and the other one is basically dynamic location.

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So now see this index for creating vector dynamically.

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So Star V.P. Victor Point, this is New Keever, then Victor.

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Indigence and this Syntex, so this is actually.

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Dynamic and this one.

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It is actually static and we all know the difference between the static in the dynamic dynamic means

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we have to dilute it ourselves.

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It will not be deleted automatically.

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We have to delete the structure.

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But if we are allocating static memory, then what will happen?

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So this vector will get deleted automatically once it will reach out of scope.

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Simple.

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So now let's see how we can insert the elements inside the vector.

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So for inserting the elements inside the vector, we have a function push back so we don't push back

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and let's say I want to insert them.

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So as the name suggests, what is the use of push back?

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So suppose this is my vector now push back means, as the name suggests, I will push the element at

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the last.

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So 10 will be pushed at the last.

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But since at this point of time a vector is empty.

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So 10 will be pushed at different because the effect is empty.

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But if you will push more elements, for example, you will push twenty and then you, if you will push

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thirty, then what will happen.

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So first 20 will be pushed, then 30 will be pushed.

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So this will be the state of the vector 10, 20 and then 30.

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OK, so let's push back function in action.

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So let us push more elements.

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So let us copy this.

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And we don't have to worry about sales, if their vehicle gets filled, it size will become double.

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So push as much a number of elements as you want.

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So currently, the size of my vatos, basically three days containing three elements.

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Now, how to access those elements, so we have square brackets, so just like in any.

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We can access the elements of the vector using the square brackets.

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So let us copy this and let us access the elements.

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V0, we went and we do so I'm pushing these three elements and then I am printing these three elements

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simple.

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So let's run our program.

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So basically, we are getting at it at this line and what is the reality?

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The error is basically V was not declared in this scope.

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So if you want to use Vector, what we have to do, we have to include a file, has to include vector.

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So after including this file has concluded that it will not give us error.

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So let's turn our program.

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And this is my output, so that's how that is working.

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Now, can I change the elements once I have inserted those elements, obviously.

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So what I will use, I will use square backwards to change the elements.

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So suppose I want to change the element presented the next one.

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So what I will do while one is, let's say and so initially it was 20, now I change its value 200.

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So let's see.

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So then hundred, and then today, initially this hundred, it was 20.

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So this is great, because just like it used to work in that, it would also work for Victus.

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So since Victor also has square records, so what is the need of push back function?

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So what I want to say here is so initially I have three elements inside the vector.

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Now, let us push the fourth element.

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So can I push the elements using this great bracket just like we used to do in Eddies?

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Can we do this?

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So are these two lines valid, so let's try to understand.

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So if you will think logically, this should not work, because if these two lines worked, then what

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is the use of push back function?

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So that means these two lines will not work.

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So why do we need to push back function, what is the importance of push back function so push back

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function inside the push back function?

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What will do?

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So there are checks implemented.

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It will check on what is the current size of the vector.

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If the vector is getting filled, I have to double the size.

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So all these things are implemented in push back function that way for inserting the element we will

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always use push back function.

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So if you will use this, then what will happen so the size of the vector will not increase, so size

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increase, class size of the vector will not increase.

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So what are the elements?

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Do I have so I have 10, then I have 20 and then I have 30.

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Let's see what is happening here.

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So suppose initially, let's say the size of the vector is basically two.

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Let's say initially it is to let us assume it is not to actually but let us assume the size of the initial

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vector is basically two.

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So that means this, that this line will create a vector size two.

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So what is happening?

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This is my vector.

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Bush, then I can push down, then I'm pushing 20 so I can push 20, then in order to push 30, what

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will happen the size that will become double the size, the vector is basically four.

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So you can push the 30 element and you can push one more element.

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You can push one more element, the size of the vector is four.

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Now what I'm doing here change the second element.

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So this is 100.

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Now print.

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OK, now what they are doing, you are pushing the fourth element, so fourth element will be one zero

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zero two, but you are pushing the fifth element.

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So this is the fifth element.

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And at this memory, you are pushing one, two, three, four.

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So basically, my vector only has this much amount of memory, so this memory.

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Does not belong to me.

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So this memory does not belong to us, so basically you are pushing an element, you are pushing an

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element at such a memory location and that location does not belong to us.

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OK, so this is basically wrong.

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And this is also wrong, so let us experiment or something, so let us experiment something.

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So after pushing at fourth and fifth in Texas, let us push more elements so we don't push back.

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That said, 23 and let's see.

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Bush.

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OK, so now let us pretend everything's so.

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OK, so if I will run my program, which would be my output.

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So ideally, what should be our output?

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So initially I have pushed 10, then 20, then 30, then I change its value to 100, then I am pushing.

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So one zero zero two and then I'm pushing one, two, three, four, and then we don't push back 23

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and we don't push back to 34.

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So if I will execute our gold, there should be more output, ideally, there should be an output.

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OK, so please remember ten hundred thirty one zero zero two one, two, three, four, and then this

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one.

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So let's see where their output is, correct or not.

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Let's delete this one.

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So order to start our program.

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So this is the output, so let's see whether our output was wrong or right, so as discussed.

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So ideally, what should be at output?

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So when I pushed, I pushed Ben, then pushed, wanted and pushed hard, didn't change its value.

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Two hundred.

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Then I pushed using the square brackets, one zero zero two and one, two, three, four.

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And then I use push back function to insert two, three, four and so twenty three and two, three,

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four.

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So I leave my output with this one, but obviously this is, our idle output is not coming out.

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So what is happening.

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So when you are using function to insert these elements, what push back function will do, it will

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push the element at the last.

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So far this is the last 30 is the last because we didn't use push back function to insert these two

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elements.

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We do not use push back function to insert these two elements, so forth, push back function.

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This is the last index.

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So what will happen.

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Merchantmen output, Ben, then hundred, then 30.

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So basically twenty three will come here and then two, three, four, two, two, three, four.

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And then basically.

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So these two are removed.

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And then what is happening so so these two are basically lost, then I'm accessing this memory location

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and then I'm accessing this memory location.

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So these memory locations are basically garbage values.

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And in our case, these two garbage values are basically 090.

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So these two garbage values are basically zero and zero.

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It could have been anything but in our case, they both are zero.

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So that's why you should not you should never use brackets to insult.

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You should always use push back function.

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Now, one more thing.

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So basically.

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So basically how this function is able to access the sixth element and similarly the fifth element.

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This is able to access the sixth element because what it will do so it will say.

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So underlying this is my underlying Eddie, so it will go to its start address, it will take six jumps

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ahead and it will print whatever is present at this garbage location.

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So zero is present.

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That's why zero is getting printed.

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Simple, now I have itinerate of using this square because the alternate is basically afunction, the

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alternators basically Yusoff add function, so let's see how we can use add function and what is the

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difference between the add function and the square brackets?

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So one thing is quite clear here, this is very wrong.

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So never use.

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Square brackets to insert elements, because the size of the array will not increase, the size of the

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vector will not increase, the size will not become double.

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So this is wrong.

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Now, let us use add function.

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So, obviously.

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Let's remove this one, let's comment out everything.

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So I want to add function, so currently I have three elements and then two elements here, so the size

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of the vector is basically five.

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So, Scott, we don't at all function will take index, so let us print what is present at the index

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for.

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And let us also check what is present at next week's.

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So basically, index four is a valid index.

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The size of the event is currently five, so the last index is basically four, so this is actually

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a valid index, but index six is not valid.

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Index six is not a valid index.

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So if we will run our program, let's see what will be our output.

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So we'll see what is the output.

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So at the next four to three for this president, but at the next six, which is not a valid index,

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you can see out of range the size of the is basically five and you are trying to access the sixth element.

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So basically it is giving us added.

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It is giving us added.

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So what we can say.

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So this ad function, it basically checks whether the index is valid or invalid.

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So basically we can see that using the ADD function is much, much safer than using this square bracket.

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So it is much, much safer because it will check the index.

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If you will, so if you will, right without attic's, it will give us error that the size of the vector

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is basically five and you and you cannot access indexes.

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But if we will use the square, because then what will happen?

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It will go just like an error.

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It will go to the starting position.

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It will take six jumps ahead and it will print out everything, whatever it is present.

236
00:16:29,030 --> 00:16:30,620
So the output will be garbage.

237
00:16:32,140 --> 00:16:33,160
Now, which one is better?

238
00:16:33,400 --> 00:16:39,040
So obviously this memory does not belong to us, so this is basically very bad.

239
00:16:39,250 --> 00:16:40,610
Obviously, this is much better.

240
00:16:40,840 --> 00:16:41,980
So this is much safer.

241
00:16:41,980 --> 00:16:43,600
Using that function is safer.

242
00:16:44,050 --> 00:16:44,890
OK, so.

243
00:16:46,260 --> 00:16:49,900
So now let us use for Loop who our director.

244
00:16:49,920 --> 00:16:52,860
So how we can use for Loop, so let us comment about everything.

245
00:16:56,130 --> 00:16:58,140
So let's use for loop.

246
00:16:59,270 --> 00:17:05,079
So just like we used to, outraged over the area, we can also treat all the victims Y equals zero aliens,

247
00:17:05,150 --> 00:17:06,290
then we Nazis.

248
00:17:07,540 --> 00:17:12,010
Now, Vidaurre says this is inbuilt function or do you give me how many elements are present inside

249
00:17:12,010 --> 00:17:12,460
the vector?

250
00:17:12,460 --> 00:17:16,270
So currently five elements are present, so the value of your size is five.

251
00:17:17,349 --> 00:17:25,750
And here you can use Wi-Fi and here you can use the square brackets and you can use add.

252
00:17:25,930 --> 00:17:29,740
So at this so inside the for loop both.

253
00:17:29,860 --> 00:17:35,320
You can use both, you can use square beckert and you can also use and they both have same way because

254
00:17:35,320 --> 00:17:41,280
index is always valid because of the broad size will be five here inside the loop.

255
00:17:41,710 --> 00:17:45,880
It is safe to use both square because as well as the function Mutassim.

256
00:17:47,660 --> 00:17:52,580
So if you run the program where we are output, it will print the content of the vector.

257
00:17:55,110 --> 00:17:58,470
So this is the content then handed today, 23 and 24.

258
00:17:59,730 --> 00:18:06,120
So now we know how to edit it, the vector, so just like the push back function, I also have back.

259
00:18:07,220 --> 00:18:11,090
So what Bob function will do, so we get Bob back.

260
00:18:15,540 --> 00:18:19,240
So function what it will do, so it will pop out the last element.

261
00:18:20,550 --> 00:18:21,990
So what is the use of push back?

262
00:18:23,390 --> 00:18:28,650
Bush will insert the element at last and Bob will remove the last element.

263
00:18:29,060 --> 00:18:31,470
So basically this was the last element two, three, four.

264
00:18:31,490 --> 00:18:34,940
So this element will be removed and the director will become four.

265
00:18:34,950 --> 00:18:36,750
So four elements will be printed.

266
00:18:36,770 --> 00:18:37,250
Let's see.

267
00:18:43,400 --> 00:18:48,110
So what elements are getting printed the size, the effect is containing only four elements.

268
00:18:53,000 --> 00:18:56,840
Now, let's go find out everything and let's do some experiments.

269
00:19:02,480 --> 00:19:06,350
So let us use a follow up to insert the elements inside director.

270
00:19:07,650 --> 00:19:10,790
So let's say I want to push hundred elements.

271
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So let us push a hundred elements.

272
00:19:14,510 --> 00:19:16,610
So we not push back.

273
00:19:19,650 --> 00:19:20,490
Iblis one.

274
00:19:21,960 --> 00:19:26,760
So I am pushing a hundred elements and let us also print out our vector.

275
00:19:29,040 --> 00:19:32,640
So I was zero, I lived in brasses.

276
00:19:34,790 --> 00:19:35,840
And I placeless.

277
00:19:39,500 --> 00:19:40,550
CLV OWFI.

278
00:19:43,740 --> 00:19:49,650
So I am pushing a hundred elements and then I am printing those 100 elements simple, see?

279
00:19:54,170 --> 00:20:00,410
So these are the elements inserted starting from one 800, so, yes, it is working fine.

280
00:20:01,810 --> 00:20:03,010
Now, let us see.

281
00:20:04,190 --> 00:20:10,280
Now, let us also print the size, so when I'm pushing the limits, let us also print the size of the

282
00:20:10,280 --> 00:20:14,300
vector so we don't size.

283
00:20:17,590 --> 00:20:18,940
Now, what should be our output?

284
00:20:20,580 --> 00:20:27,510
What we don't say is will contain so the site function first, it will contain one element, then it

285
00:20:27,510 --> 00:20:29,350
will contain two, then three, then four.

286
00:20:29,490 --> 00:20:32,700
So basically this report says it will increase linearly.

287
00:20:33,570 --> 00:20:36,870
And finally, the size of the vector will become simple.

288
00:20:37,770 --> 00:20:39,900
There should be allowed output one 200.

289
00:20:40,930 --> 00:20:46,600
The size, the door size, so the size the vector will increase one by one simple.

290
00:20:47,980 --> 00:20:49,300
So let's remove this thing.

291
00:20:51,460 --> 00:20:53,380
And now we are only printing the size.

292
00:20:54,700 --> 00:20:57,130
So let us also right here.

293
00:20:58,470 --> 00:20:59,850
What is the size of the vector?

294
00:21:02,940 --> 00:21:04,560
And let's give and also.

295
00:21:06,780 --> 00:21:07,530
So let's see.

296
00:21:11,100 --> 00:21:11,820
So you can see.

297
00:21:12,880 --> 00:21:17,670
When Bush Winnellie undersize will become one, when you push the second element, the size becomes

298
00:21:17,680 --> 00:21:17,910
too.

299
00:21:18,130 --> 00:21:21,020
When you push the third element, the size becomes three and so on.

300
00:21:21,310 --> 00:21:27,220
And finally, when you will push the limit, the size of the vector will become simple.

301
00:21:28,720 --> 00:21:31,690
Now, we also have a functioning capacity.

302
00:21:32,810 --> 00:21:39,200
So our function capacity, so what this capacity function will do, so it will give me what is the capacity,

303
00:21:39,200 --> 00:21:41,390
what is the current capacity of my vector?

304
00:21:42,650 --> 00:21:49,190
It will give me what is the current capacity of my vector and the difference between capacity and sizes,

305
00:21:49,790 --> 00:21:52,160
size will give me how many elements are present.

306
00:21:52,190 --> 00:21:55,570
So, for example, let's say three elements are present.

307
00:21:55,610 --> 00:21:57,190
All sides will give me that.

308
00:21:57,250 --> 00:22:02,180
Three elements that present various capacity will give me how many elements you can insert inside the

309
00:22:02,180 --> 00:22:04,570
vector, for example, for example, six.

310
00:22:04,610 --> 00:22:06,500
So the capacity will be six.

311
00:22:07,370 --> 00:22:10,250
Now let us print, but we will print capacity and size.

312
00:22:10,910 --> 00:22:16,610
And ideally what should happen so that capacity will become double capacity will become double as soon

313
00:22:16,610 --> 00:22:17,920
as the vector is full.

314
00:22:18,380 --> 00:22:19,610
So let's check it out.

315
00:22:23,860 --> 00:22:25,750
So let us bring the capacity.

316
00:22:32,680 --> 00:22:33,010
Don't.

317
00:22:34,270 --> 00:22:39,790
Capacity, so this is also a function function of basically Victor.

318
00:22:40,760 --> 00:22:42,830
And let's remove sales from here.

319
00:22:50,790 --> 00:22:53,820
OK, so let's go and let's see what will happen.

320
00:23:00,910 --> 00:23:02,930
So let us try to understand what is happening here.

321
00:23:03,340 --> 00:23:07,940
So initially the capacity is zero and the size is also zero.

322
00:23:08,560 --> 00:23:10,350
Strange area of size zero.

323
00:23:10,720 --> 00:23:18,190
So basically this means that starting added, we don't really exist and is basically does not exist.

324
00:23:18,640 --> 00:23:24,220
When you push the first element, the capacity becomes one and the size becomes two when you will push.

325
00:23:24,640 --> 00:23:25,990
So this is the first element.

326
00:23:27,070 --> 00:23:32,590
The capacity is one and the size is one, so when you will push the second element, the capacity will

327
00:23:32,590 --> 00:23:33,240
become twice.

328
00:23:33,280 --> 00:23:34,600
So this is the capacity.

329
00:23:34,600 --> 00:23:36,730
Capacity becomes too, and size is also, too.

330
00:23:37,720 --> 00:23:43,330
When you will push the third element, the capacity will become for the size will become double, the

331
00:23:43,330 --> 00:23:46,030
capacity will become double the size of actors basically follow.

332
00:23:46,840 --> 00:23:49,740
So you can push the fourth element and the capacity is still four.

333
00:23:50,470 --> 00:23:54,810
But when you are pushing the fifth element, the capacity becomes available.

334
00:23:54,820 --> 00:23:55,780
So the capacity.

335
00:23:57,170 --> 00:24:03,740
It's basically the vector capacities it, so you can safely push element six, you can push element

336
00:24:03,760 --> 00:24:05,240
seven, you can push limited.

337
00:24:05,480 --> 00:24:09,130
But when you're trying to push the ninth element, the capacity doubles.

338
00:24:09,710 --> 00:24:12,290
So it will become 16.

339
00:24:12,920 --> 00:24:17,090
So you can push 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 and so on.

340
00:24:17,360 --> 00:24:20,870
So finally, when you trying to push the 17th element.

341
00:24:22,010 --> 00:24:25,460
Capacity will become 32 and so on, so it will keep going on.

342
00:24:26,930 --> 00:24:28,610
So finally, let's see.

343
00:24:30,920 --> 00:24:40,370
So finally, the capacity is 128 and this is enough to hold 100 elements, so capacity 128 is enough

344
00:24:40,370 --> 00:24:42,170
to hold these many number of elements.

345
00:24:44,480 --> 00:24:50,930
OK, so we have seen how to create bestriding and dynamically we know how to push elements, we know

346
00:24:50,930 --> 00:24:53,060
the capacity function, we know the same function.

347
00:24:54,760 --> 00:24:59,960
We know the pop back function, so this one Vidarbha back, we know how to pop element.

348
00:24:59,980 --> 00:25:01,270
We know how to push element.

349
00:25:01,660 --> 00:25:03,550
We know how to change the elements.

350
00:25:04,880 --> 00:25:11,210
We know how to get rid of a director, so pretty much we know all the major functions of director.

351
00:25:12,130 --> 00:25:16,960
OK, so one last thing, how to create a better offer given, say, for example.

352
00:25:18,300 --> 00:25:25,320
I want to create a vector, let's say, of size 10, so you can give size here to giving sizes optional

353
00:25:25,410 --> 00:25:26,990
if you want to give the size you can.

354
00:25:27,000 --> 00:25:28,800
If you don't want to give, then don't give.

355
00:25:30,280 --> 00:25:37,090
OK, so what if you want to initialize this vector, so comma, let's say I want to ask this vector

356
00:25:37,090 --> 00:25:37,870
with minus two.

357
00:25:39,080 --> 00:25:43,820
So this victory has been neutralized all the time, values are basically minus two.

358
00:25:43,850 --> 00:25:50,240
You can also see so let Sprent distractor, OK, let's change the name to.

359
00:25:51,520 --> 00:25:55,660
So equals zero, iList, and we do.

360
00:25:56,600 --> 00:25:57,530
I placeless.

361
00:25:59,440 --> 00:26:00,520
And to see out.

362
00:26:03,470 --> 00:26:03,980
Symbol.

363
00:26:08,020 --> 00:26:09,940
OK, so we do our site.

364
00:26:21,370 --> 00:26:21,910
Solice.

365
00:26:22,950 --> 00:26:29,010
The vector has been analyzed, all the elements are minus two, so that's how you initialize the vector.

366
00:26:33,140 --> 00:26:37,070
So it is not necessary to initiate the victor, so if you're right like this.

367
00:26:38,600 --> 00:26:44,510
Rector of Indigenous Vetri, and you can only give size, so this is also correct.

368
00:26:45,050 --> 00:26:45,950
OK, so.

369
00:26:46,910 --> 00:26:50,530
Can we start the victor, so, yes, we can, SA Director.

370
00:26:50,990 --> 00:26:53,690
I haven't malfunctions, Art, so what we will do.

371
00:26:54,850 --> 00:26:58,530
I will write like this, for example, I want to start victory to.

372
00:26:59,290 --> 00:27:00,310
We do not begin.

373
00:27:03,280 --> 00:27:08,700
We do not and so just like Eddie, we have to give the starting in the end outrageous.

374
00:27:09,130 --> 00:27:13,240
So I thought we would not begin and we do not end and my victory will become sorted.

375
00:27:14,460 --> 00:27:21,060
My victory will be sorted, OK, so we know how to initialize, we know how to give, how to create

376
00:27:21,060 --> 00:27:22,320
a bit of a given size.

377
00:27:23,430 --> 00:27:29,100
We know how to sort of act so pretty much we know all the functions, all the major functions of the

378
00:27:29,100 --> 00:27:29,520
vector.

379
00:27:30,660 --> 00:27:35,490
OK, so I think this is enough, I will see you in the next one, bye bye.