1
00:00:00,930 --> 00:00:01,670
Hello.

2
00:00:01,800 --> 00:00:08,800
Today we will explain filibusters capacitor defined physical construction time.

3
00:00:08,820 --> 00:00:12,360
How construction of fixed values and our ratings.

4
00:00:12,360 --> 00:00:19,890
We will also talk about Capitol performance with AC and DC clowns capacitance values numbering system

5
00:00:20,400 --> 00:00:24,900
and capacitors and circuit series by and banks.

6
00:00:24,900 --> 00:00:32,480
Now let's look at this symbol example of a capacitor as you can see here.

7
00:00:32,500 --> 00:00:33,530
This is a battery.

8
00:00:33,600 --> 00:00:38,160
This is the talk of a steel plate with an insulation between them.

9
00:00:38,410 --> 00:00:44,380
That positive is charging the balls to let off the combustion while the negative is charging the negative

10
00:00:44,380 --> 00:00:48,730
lit of the capacitor now.

11
00:00:49,530 --> 00:00:52,290
Uh let's define the restaurant how it works.

12
00:00:52,310 --> 00:00:57,570
A device that stores energy in electric field.

13
00:00:57,570 --> 00:01:00,230
That is the definition of the carbon store.

14
00:01:00,600 --> 00:01:07,860
It consists of two conductive blades separated by a non conductive material electrons accumulate on

15
00:01:07,860 --> 00:01:13,890
one blade forcing electrons away from the other plate leaving a net positive charge.

16
00:01:13,950 --> 00:01:20,850
As you can see here this is Crystal capacitor charging.

17
00:01:20,850 --> 00:01:22,590
And this is a positive.

18
00:01:22,630 --> 00:01:26,800
And this is a negative charge in each of these two blades.

19
00:01:26,880 --> 00:01:31,370
Think of a capacitor as a very small battery storage battery.

20
00:01:31,500 --> 00:01:41,490
Since this battery is charging that capacitor will hold its charge for a small amount of time.

21
00:01:41,820 --> 00:01:52,990
So it's a timber man of now free looked at here we can see capacitors and different rating.

22
00:01:53,360 --> 00:01:56,620
They are rated by the amount of charge that can be held.

23
00:01:56,750 --> 00:02:06,050
The voltage handling capabilities capabilities insulating material between blades so the depending on

24
00:02:06,500 --> 00:02:16,400
these through for three factors capacitors are rated and each of these three factors uh makes a very

25
00:02:16,400 --> 00:02:19,980
big difference between one capacitor and the other.

26
00:02:20,000 --> 00:02:26,770
The basic capacitor is the Farad single followed and reality can hold a very large amount of charge.

27
00:02:27,220 --> 00:02:34,330
And in electronic circuits the amount of capacitance is usually in the millions and billions of overall

28
00:02:34,970 --> 00:02:35,780
micro Farrar.

29
00:02:35,780 --> 00:02:42,740
Be cool for our dinosaur Rod capacitors are identified by the type of insulating materials between the

30
00:02:42,740 --> 00:02:44,470
conductive blades.

31
00:02:44,520 --> 00:02:50,140
Air Mika tantalum ceramic and bolstering.

32
00:02:50,320 --> 00:02:57,340
So now if we looked at here s ability the ability to hold a charge.

33
00:02:57,430 --> 00:03:01,770
This is the positive blade and this is the negative one.

34
00:03:01,780 --> 00:03:10,330
Uh the ability of the capacitor to hold a charge depends on the conductive blade surface area that area

35
00:03:11,170 --> 00:03:18,250
space between these two blades and the material that exists between these two blades can be area of

36
00:03:18,250 --> 00:03:20,920
ceramic and any other type of material.

37
00:03:22,870 --> 00:03:31,860
Uh so the math the amount of surface area of the conductive Play the larger the surface area the more

38
00:03:31,860 --> 00:03:40,440
child and the for the higher capacitance value the distance between the plates uh the closer the conductive

39
00:03:40,440 --> 00:03:48,420
blades are to each other the stronger the electrostatic field that is developed when the blades are

40
00:03:48,420 --> 00:03:55,410
close together the attraction between the opposing poles is stronger the close up of the blades are

41
00:03:55,410 --> 00:03:58,110
together the higher the covers.

42
00:03:59,790 --> 00:04:06,420
The insulating material between the blades certain materials are more conductive to separating the balls

43
00:04:06,420 --> 00:04:15,300
than others thus allow capacitors to handle higher voltage or to hold a child longer certain materials

44
00:04:15,300 --> 00:04:25,020
are very firmly stable and will not expand or contrast as much with temperature changes therefore making

45
00:04:25,020 --> 00:04:31,450
the capacitive or lack of distance value more stable over wide operating temperature.

46
00:04:34,450 --> 00:04:43,480
Now let's look at this concept of charging a carbon store as you can see here.

47
00:04:43,830 --> 00:04:45,040
Uh.

48
00:04:45,300 --> 00:04:53,430
Let's spend some time talking about how our stores charge lets you know what our thermal energy that

49
00:04:53,430 --> 00:04:56,780
we used earlier tricks the brain to explain.

50
00:04:57,020 --> 00:05:01,750
Uh resistors in this illustration.

51
00:05:01,830 --> 00:05:11,550
Water electrons are entering uh the tank which is a carbon store here from the right as you can see.

52
00:05:12,200 --> 00:05:17,340
And that is that the water electrons enter the tank which is a capacitor.

53
00:05:17,360 --> 00:05:21,920
Depends on how much blush out voltage bushing on the water.

54
00:05:22,850 --> 00:05:30,650
So depending on how much is double sharp more water will go up the outlet valve on the right is closed

55
00:05:32,280 --> 00:05:41,560
so water can uh which is electrolytes cannot escape when there is no water in the tank which is a capacitor.

56
00:05:41,620 --> 00:05:49,680
The reverse brush voltage from the water electrons in the tank would be zero and the water would rush

57
00:05:49,770 --> 00:06:01,450
into the tank which is the capacitor when the tank cluster has all the water electrons it can hold the

58
00:06:01,450 --> 00:06:11,350
reverse pressure of the electrons would equal the voltage pushing the water electrons in to the tank

59
00:06:11,410 --> 00:06:18,230
which is the capacitor and the flow of water electrons would stop and remain constant.

60
00:06:20,320 --> 00:06:29,440
The tank which is the capacitor in is in charge there with the pressure voltage inside the tank capacitor

61
00:06:29,750 --> 00:06:34,010
equal to the pressure voltage of the water electron supply.

62
00:06:34,250 --> 00:06:41,960
In the beginning the water electrons rush in at a rapid rate because the opposing Russia voltage built

63
00:06:41,960 --> 00:06:49,540
up as the bottling rush out of voltage build up as more water electrons enter the tank which is the

64
00:06:49,540 --> 00:06:58,710
capacitor the rate of water or electrons flows laws until it virtually stops when the tank is full so

65
00:06:59,220 --> 00:07:08,160
basically uh this gets applause What are all in third or electrons or internal from this gate and it

66
00:07:08,160 --> 00:07:16,250
will enter fastly at the beginning since there is no voltage here then slowly it will uh decrease the

67
00:07:16,250 --> 00:07:25,000
speed of flowing electrons as the voltage here increases cause of these two tanks one with a nine uh

68
00:07:25,040 --> 00:07:35,780
let's say ten volts and one empty uh these will equal each other until the two tanks have five volts

69
00:07:37,680 --> 00:07:47,050
so think of it like a tank that you are filling with water um as you can see here this is how the combustible

70
00:07:47,160 --> 00:07:53,730
look and real love in the following activity you will charge lack of a store by connecting about source

71
00:07:53,730 --> 00:08:02,230
nine volt battery Blockbuster you will be using an electro electoral electric capacitor a capacitor

72
00:08:02,260 --> 00:08:08,500
that uses a polarity sensitive insulating material between the conductive blades to increase the charge

73
00:08:08,500 --> 00:08:18,070
capability in a small physical bucket not the component has banality ID plus or minus and you need to

74
00:08:18,070 --> 00:08:26,090
take good care of these polarities since Mr messing with them were result in blowing the cluster.

75
00:08:26,170 --> 00:08:32,890
Now touch the two leaders of the capacitor together this short circuit the capacitor to make sure there

76
00:08:32,890 --> 00:08:39,430
is no residual charge left in the capacitor using your Volt on measure of the Volt across the reach

77
00:08:39,430 --> 00:08:45,880
of the capacitor now connect the capacitor as in this circuit.

78
00:08:45,880 --> 00:08:51,610
That was the positive than negative the negative terminal wire up the circuit and child lock up a store

79
00:08:51,880 --> 00:08:58,330
bar will only have to be applied for a moment to fully charge the capacitor quickly remove the capacitor

80
00:08:58,330 --> 00:09:05,840
from the circuit and touch the Volt all metal blobs the capacitor leads to measure the voltage carefully

81
00:09:06,800 --> 00:09:17,040
observe the voltage reading over time until the voltage is at a very low level down to zero volts now

82
00:09:17,160 --> 00:09:25,500
as you can see in this registration this is used to discharge a cover story we will close that in inlet

83
00:09:26,280 --> 00:09:35,490
and open the outlet then the charge will come out just like water through the outlet until it reaches

84
00:09:35,910 --> 00:09:42,900
zero volts this administration returns to the water tank analogy to help show what happened after the

85
00:09:42,900 --> 00:09:53,190
capacitor is charged and allowed to discharge the intake valve on the lift is closed here and the outlet

86
00:09:53,190 --> 00:09:58,550
valve on the right is opened and the previous activity when the Volt o meter was connected to the store

87
00:09:58,580 --> 00:10:04,530
a bath was opened for the electrons to flow from the carbon store the Volt o meter does take a little

88
00:10:04,530 --> 00:10:10,710
bit of column to make the readings initially when the capacitor was fully charged there was approximately

89
00:10:10,710 --> 00:10:18,120
9 volt of pressure pushing the electrons down the conductor as the voltage drop in step with the reduced

90
00:10:18,180 --> 00:10:27,720
charge the pressure bushing the electrons also decrease causing a decrease in electron flow how this

91
00:10:27,720 --> 00:10:37,520
showed up on the volt meter was an initial rabbit volume drop that showed down to crawl in reality a

92
00:10:37,550 --> 00:10:46,020
Buster is charged only after a prolonged period of time the voltage drop is a symbolic to zero leverage

93
00:10:46,010 --> 00:10:56,090
has zero now the behavior uh the stop behavior in DC and AC and connecting capacitors and series and.

94
00:10:56,170 --> 00:10:59,230
But I will be discussed in the next lesson.

95
00:10:59,230 --> 00:11:00,820
Thanks for watching.

96
00:11:00,820 --> 00:11:02,550
This is education engineering team.