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Hello, everybody, I'm happy that you're here and I'm really proud in each and every one of you that

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got up until this point, I can surely say that most of the content of the course is behind us for one

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side, from one point of view is a happy thing.

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But we should not forget what's coming up next.

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So what's waiting for us now is the massive stopping method.

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A method is basically a block of code that has a certain headline, and then this block of code can

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be executed.

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Once we call it OK, it will not be executed by itself, even if it appears in the code we should call

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it.

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So this will be our next lecture's methods is a very important part in each and every programming language.

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And in Python in particular, which is based on OP, you might have heard this term OPIS object oriented

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programming, and every professional program in the world knows what these OLP.

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And also I'm sure that those of you who want actually to find jobs in programming, you will be surely,

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surely you're going to be asked regarding methods and OLP in your interviews.

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So that's about this thing.

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Additionally, I just want to say that from one hand, the following topics will be a bit challenging

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for one side, but from the other side, you should not worry at all, because the thing is that I'm

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also I'm always in focus regarding the level of difficulty of the topics.

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So these topics would be be challenging.

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But from the other hand, I'm going to give you more life coding examples and more perspectives once

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we're going over the slides, going to explain everything two or three times.

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So don't worry you.

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I got your back regarding this part.

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All right.

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So let's begin what easy method in Python.

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So, like I just said, a method is a block of code which only runs when it is called also the method.

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You can pass the variables or collections into it from the execution point.

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Is it just mentioned there is the method itself declaration.

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And then there's a second second thing, which is when you call the method, which is called method

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execution.

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So in the method execution part there you can pass variables or whatever into the method, then they're

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going to be used inside the method.

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Sounds a bit tough.

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Sounds a bit hard.

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Don't worry.

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You will see many examples in the following minutes.

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All right, an additional advantage of matinées, methods, first of all, methods connected with a

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strong connection to the following topic, which is classes and objects, they are connected very much.

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And basically what methods gives us it gives us a great power.

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It gives us to avoid duplication because you can create a certain code and then you can reuse it.

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Or in other words, you can execute it several times by your command whenever you need it.

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And you don't need to create the same variables and same loops or whatever.

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Again and again.

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You can simply just call it whenever you need it.

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All right.

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So let's go over quickly regarding how methods work and what can it do.

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So I'm going to go over the boards and also explain every one of them.

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A second name of method is a function.

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So whenever you're going to look something, some questions regarding methods in Google or Stack Overflow

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or whatever, if you encounter the term function.

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So function is method and method.

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Its function is the same thing.

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Just has two names.

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All right.

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After a method is created.

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OK, so you have Pathé, which is method creation, then you have Babi method call-out or method execution.

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So it's different parts in the code.

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You have separate lines of code for it.

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We'll see it right here in the example in just a minute.

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OK, so you first you first created, then you call it and the execution is done in the module level,

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meaning it does not happen in the indention under the method and it happens after the methods block

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itself outside of the method.

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OK, outside of the method, we execute it next.

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Both is once the method is executed, all the code inside it will run.

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We already know this basic guideline from you, statements and for loops that once, for example, if

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we created if statement so everything if the statement is correct.

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So all the code under the if statement declaration will run as a whole unit and how the pichon will

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know that this code is under the if basically very simple way.

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If you have intention for these lines under the if statement, you will know that this is that statement's

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content commands.

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All right.

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By content, I mean it's inside the if OK, because you can best data in the form of variables or collections

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into the method from the execution command.

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So again, we said we have the execution, we have the creation path and the execution part.

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So if you want to pass some variable from the execution part inside the method, you can do it.

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You will see shortly an example for this as well in this presentation later on.

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OK, and one last thing.

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How do we recognize that we are looking in a method once we see it, for example, in loops, though,

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the key word for by that we can recognize that we are dealing with a for loop.

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But in the methods case, there is this word here def.

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And once you see this different key word, you know that ahead of you there is a method from here.

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I think it's very convenient for us to see.

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First, simple example and let's look at it straight away.

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So the first line is method declaration, same as we did with each statement declaration or while loops

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declaration.

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So this is the the method declaration.

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The first key word is that right afterwards we give the name of the method, then we have round brackets

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and then we have the two dots special sine.

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OK, so this is the declaration.

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Then one line behind it.

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The second line is the methods, content and by chance would know that this is the method is going to

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be hard because you're going to have indention here at this line in every additional line which you

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would like to create under your method method.

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OK, so this is the method, the content part and right here below.

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OK, we went down for a few lines just for this text to fit in.

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There's no special reason that there is lots of spaces here just because all my explanations would fit

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here.

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But we can see here is the method of execution and you can see that there is no intention here regarding

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to the method of execution command.

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There's no intention like here in the brain, for example.

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And basically, only if this path exists, the method will run.

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So if you remove the last line and you right.

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Click in parts of the file and run it, nothing will happen.

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OK, nothing will happen.

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So we have to have this last line right here in order for this method to run.

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So basically here we call it out, please run.

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And then it goes from here from this line goes straight up to the method and goes inside, then runs

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whatever is inside the method.

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Very simple logic of how methods work.

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All right.

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Nothing's too complicated in this case.

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As you can see, this this this example, it has no best to it, OK?

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We don't see here in the brackets some variables that we want to insert into the method and also in

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the execution level, we don't see any variables.

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So let's see how could we create methods that will contain variables and how can we do it basically?

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All right.

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So in the previous example, we have seen a method that does not have any did not have any argument

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inside it.

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All right.

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Now, let's have a look on the on one that gets variables inserted into it.

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Right.

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So basically, right after the methods name, right after def, then methods name and inside the square

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brackets, we can put the the arguments or those of you who have difficulty to understand what our arguments,

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arguments are basically variables, any type of variables and collections.

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And we can put any variables we want inside the method in the execution level and then it will go inside

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the method.

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We will see here the sketch in a few seconds.

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All right.

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So in this example, we have the variable age, OK?

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And this is what we want to pass.

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OK, so let's see this example straight ahead.

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We have this one on this example right here, and we can see her death, my function, which is the

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which is the method, and inside here, inside the wrong brackets, we can see the variable, which

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is age.

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All right.

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And below it, we can also see print.

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The age is casting and also the age goes here.

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What the age is not like.

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We need to tell this method.

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What do we mean?

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Age equals two.

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OK, we need to tell it.

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Age equals to what?

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And this can be done in the execution level.

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All right, so right here, these three, my function, my function and my function is the execution

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level.

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And here we can see the concept that I mentioned in the beginning of the lecture that methods can be

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are used to get the code to be reusable.

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OK, so this method is reusable and it's dynamic.

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By dynamic, I mean that you can put any variable you want here and each time you execute, you can

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put a different one.

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OK, so it's like magic, right?

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I really I really excited regarding this topic once I studied it for the first time because you have

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the same code and each time you got different variables going inside here, just whatever you want,

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you can put inside.

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So we go in these two for these two first line we already understand.

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Let's talk about the execution level right here.

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Also mentioned that you don't have indention here.

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All right.

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All right.

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So here.

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Same as before.

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Same as the previous example right here.

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We are calling we're executing the method.

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OK, so these three lines are execution of the method.

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But we can see up in here that the method needs to get a variable.

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And if we don't give it a variable, if we leave the thing here empty, so we're going to get an error

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because the method expects to receive something from the execution level right here.

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And if you don't pass anything, you will have an error.

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OK, so in the first case, I just pass here the number 25 and you can see that this line executes the

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method above.

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So once I run the the whole file of this code is in the number twenty five goes from the execution level

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into the method declaration.

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I'll be here and number two and from number two, it goes straight ahead here to the print and the print

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gets the variable from the brackets right here.

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So this is the flow one, two and three.

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Not too tough.

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I think even after hearing all the explanations regarding how things work, you can put a variable here.

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We can also do not put it variable here, but you need to have consistency, consistency between the

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execution level and the method declaration, because if you put here twenty five, for example, but

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inside these round brackets is going to stay empty, you're also going to have an error because these

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two should be sinked an additional example.

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For example, you want to best two variables we have seen in the Bullis that need there needed to be

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divided by Colma.

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All right.

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Not sure.

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See it.

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OK, right here, you just need to separate them by Colma.

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All right, so if he were to variables for example 25 then Colma then we're also going to have an error

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because right here at the top of the declaration we have only one variable mentioned here and when we

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passing two variables, you will get confused and give us an error.

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OK, so we have to, we must have consistency between the execution and the declaration placements.

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OK, again, as I already said, each stop, each subtopic here.

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I'm going to explain in several point of views.

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So those of you who are struggling to understand, let's listen to this part right here.

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So the flow, what happens up in here?

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Basically, we pass a variable to the method from the execution placement right here, number one.

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Twenty five here.

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We add the number with our keyboards and we choose whatever we want.

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All right, that variable will pass and we shall use it inside the method.

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OK, so this variable will be used inside the method in number three here.

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Then the value is accepted in the method of the operation.

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So we send it from here.

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It's received here.

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And the method declaration inside.

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Number two, here it is received.

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And from there the variable is used to being called.

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The variable is used to where it is being called inside the method.

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In our case, we have the print actually print action here, the print command.

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And here we're using the each variable.

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I think that's about it.

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I think it's enough for the introduction and it's enough for it's not really an introduction.

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It's more than that.

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It's enough for the very easy to understand how they work, how do we recognize them, what are the

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characteristics and what are the benefits of methods, methods without variable and method with variable.

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So we cover this whole thing up.

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And I guess that you will see some live code examples in the next video to understand it better.

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OK, so we're done with this one.

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I'll show you the next video and thank you.