A variable can hold one of two value types: primitive values or reference values.

• Primitive values are data that are stored on the stack.

• Primitive value is stored directly in the location that the variable accesses.

• Reference values are objects that are stored in the heap.

• Reference value stored in the variable location is a pointer to a location in memory where the object is stored.

• Primitive types include Undefined, Null, Boolean, Number, or String.