1 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:07,000 Now before moving on and talking about the other security domains, such as the disposable and the vault. 2 00:00:07,000 --> 00:00:13,000 In this lecture, I want to talk about another task that is very essential and that you'll probably 3 00:00:13,000 --> 00:00:15,000 need to do often. 4 00:00:15,000 --> 00:00:19,000 This task is basically installing software. 5 00:00:19,000 --> 00:00:25,000 So if you look at the machines that we have right now, for example, the personal or even the work 6 00:00:25,000 --> 00:00:27,000 machine, they don't really have a lot of software. 7 00:00:27,000 --> 00:00:33,000 We have Firefox, we have the files manager at terminal and that's pretty much it. 8 00:00:33,000 --> 00:00:39,000 We don't have a word editor, we don't have pigeon, for example, for instant messaging and so on. 9 00:00:39,000 --> 00:00:46,000 So you can do the simple tasks such as opening images, playing music and videos and accessing the internet. 10 00:00:46,000 --> 00:00:51,000 But anything outside of that, you'll probably need to install software to do that. 11 00:00:51,000 --> 00:00:58,000 Now, as we do this, you'll also get a better understanding on the structure of cubes, and you'll 12 00:00:58,000 --> 00:01:04,000 have a better understanding of the template virtual machines, the ones that we have right here. 13 00:01:04,000 --> 00:01:11,000 Now, as I said before, the template virtual machines are machines that you're not supposed to use 14 00:01:11,000 --> 00:01:13,000 to run your day to day tasks. 15 00:01:14,000 --> 00:01:21,000 These are machines which the other machines, such as the domains that we have here, are based of. 16 00:01:21,000 --> 00:01:25,000 Keep going through this lecture and you will understand exactly what I mean. 17 00:01:26,000 --> 00:01:29,000 So right now I have my work machine running right here. 18 00:01:29,000 --> 00:01:36,000 As you can see, I have my file manager and as we seen before, if we store stuff within our home directory, 19 00:01:36,000 --> 00:01:39,000 so we are in home right now as you can see. 20 00:01:39,000 --> 00:01:46,000 And anything we store in here will be persistent and will be maintained after we restart or shut down 21 00:01:46,000 --> 00:01:48,000 the domain or the virtual machine. 22 00:01:49,000 --> 00:01:56,000 But if you store anything outside of this, which is what applications, libraries and packages get 23 00:01:56,000 --> 00:01:59,000 installed, they get installed outside of your home directory. 24 00:01:59,000 --> 00:02:04,000 Anything that gets installed outside of the home is not persistent. 25 00:02:04,000 --> 00:02:11,000 So every time you restart or shut down the computer, anything outside of the home directory goes back 26 00:02:11,000 --> 00:02:13,000 to its original state. 27 00:02:13,000 --> 00:02:15,000 This is done for security reasons. 28 00:02:15,000 --> 00:02:21,000 For example, if someone manages to hack into this domain and they install some malware that will start 29 00:02:21,000 --> 00:02:27,000 every time you start your computer, this will automatically be removed because it will be installed 30 00:02:27,000 --> 00:02:29,000 outside of this home directory. 31 00:02:29,000 --> 00:02:34,000 So anything outside of the home goes back to its original state. 32 00:02:34,000 --> 00:02:41,000 Every time you restart or shut down the computer, this original state is stored in your template virtual 33 00:02:41,000 --> 00:02:42,000 machine. 34 00:02:43,000 --> 00:02:51,000 So let me show you, if we go here to the cubes and we click on the cube manager, you'll get a program 35 00:02:51,000 --> 00:02:53,000 similar to a task manager. 36 00:02:53,000 --> 00:02:59,000 And in here you'll see all of the cubes, all of the virtual machines that you have, and it will show 37 00:02:59,000 --> 00:03:04,000 you important information about each one of these machines. 38 00:03:04,000 --> 00:03:09,000 Now, again, you'll notice the domains are the ones that have colors in here, and these are the ones 39 00:03:09,000 --> 00:03:11,000 that we use for our day to day tasks. 40 00:03:11,000 --> 00:03:16,000 And then we have the template and the system virtual machines in black. 41 00:03:16,000 --> 00:03:22,000 Now you'll notice for each of these domains, for example, for the personal and the template column, 42 00:03:22,000 --> 00:03:27,000 it's telling us what template it's running or what operating system it's running. 43 00:03:27,000 --> 00:03:34,000 So you can see the personal is running fedora 30, you can see the untrusted, the sis net, the work, 44 00:03:34,000 --> 00:03:38,000 all of them run the template that is called Fedora 30. 45 00:03:38,000 --> 00:03:46,000 Now Fedora is a Linux operating system and basically each one of these virtual machines or security 46 00:03:46,000 --> 00:03:50,000 domains are based on the Fedora 30 template. 47 00:03:50,000 --> 00:03:57,000 So when we start the work virtual machine, it uses the Fedora 30 template so we can see the fedora 48 00:03:57,000 --> 00:03:58,000 30 in here. 49 00:03:58,000 --> 00:04:05,000 It creates a virtual machine that uses this virtual machine as a template, and the only thing that 50 00:04:05,000 --> 00:04:07,000 it replaces is the home directory. 51 00:04:07,000 --> 00:04:13,000 So the only thing that it replaces is what we see in here, which are the user files that they use in 52 00:04:13,000 --> 00:04:20,000 their day to day tasks now because every time we start the computer, it pulls everything outside of 53 00:04:20,000 --> 00:04:22,000 the home from the template virtual machine. 54 00:04:22,000 --> 00:04:29,000 This means that if we install software on the template virtual machine, it will be installed on all 55 00:04:29,000 --> 00:04:33,000 of the virtual machines that use this template as a template. 56 00:04:33,000 --> 00:04:41,000 So if I installed Pidgeon, for example, in my Fedora 30 template work, personal untrusted, all of 57 00:04:41,000 --> 00:04:47,000 these virtual machines use the fedora 30 as a template and therefore all of these virtual machines will 58 00:04:47,000 --> 00:04:50,000 automatically have the software installed on them. 59 00:04:52,000 --> 00:04:58,000 Now this can also be dangerous because keep in mind, if you install malware on your template virtual 60 00:04:58,000 --> 00:05:03,000 machine, all of the other virtual machines based on this template will inherit the malware. 61 00:05:03,000 --> 00:05:09,000 So you want to be very careful on what you install on your template virtual machine. 62 00:05:10,000 --> 00:05:16,000 Now as an example, I actually want to install Libre Office, which is a program that allows us to open 63 00:05:16,000 --> 00:05:23,000 the different office files in Linux because I want to open this word file in future lectures. 64 00:05:23,000 --> 00:05:28,000 So I want to be able to use Libre office and my work domain. 65 00:05:28,000 --> 00:05:32,000 And based on this, we know work is based on the Fedora template. 66 00:05:32,000 --> 00:05:38,000 Therefore, we're going to install Libre office on Fedora 30 and it will automatically be available 67 00:05:38,000 --> 00:05:44,000 for all of the other virtual machines that use the Fedora 30 as their template. 68 00:05:45,000 --> 00:05:51,000 Now, before doing so, before going and installing anything on this, we need to enable networking 69 00:05:51,000 --> 00:05:58,000 on this virtual machine because by default to improve its security, the template virtual machines are 70 00:05:58,000 --> 00:06:01,000 not configured to be connected to the Internet. 71 00:06:02,000 --> 00:06:05,000 So you can right click and go to settings. 72 00:06:05,000 --> 00:06:12,000 You can click on the icon in here or you can go from the top left, go to the template virtual machine 73 00:06:12,000 --> 00:06:16,000 and click on the cube settings, not its settings. 74 00:06:16,000 --> 00:06:20,000 So we're going to enter the cube setting, the virtual machine setting. 75 00:06:20,000 --> 00:06:23,000 And what we want to do is modify the networking. 76 00:06:23,000 --> 00:06:30,000 As you can see, by default it's set to non and we want to set this to this net so that it gets connected 77 00:06:30,000 --> 00:06:31,000 to the Internet. 78 00:06:32,000 --> 00:06:34,000 We're going to click on okay. 79 00:06:34,000 --> 00:06:39,000 And now we're ready to go and install software on this virtual machine. 80 00:06:40,000 --> 00:06:42,000 So again, we're going to the top left. 81 00:06:42,000 --> 00:06:49,000 We're going to go to the virtual machine and we're going to click on the software in here to launch 82 00:06:49,000 --> 00:06:50,000 the software manager. 83 00:06:51,000 --> 00:06:56,000 Now, first of all, this will start the Fedora 30 template virtual machine, and then only when it 84 00:06:56,000 --> 00:06:59,000 starts, it will launch the software manager. 85 00:06:59,000 --> 00:07:03,000 So similar to starting any application within any virtual machine. 86 00:07:04,000 --> 00:07:09,000 So now you can look for the program that you want to install from the list here or you can click on 87 00:07:09,000 --> 00:07:11,000 the search and search for it. 88 00:07:11,000 --> 00:07:13,000 So I'm just going to search for office. 89 00:07:14,000 --> 00:07:17,000 And the program that I want to install is Lever Office Writer. 90 00:07:17,000 --> 00:07:22,000 So we're going to click on it and click on Install. 91 00:07:23,000 --> 00:07:29,000 So it's very intuitive and very similar to install and software on most operating systems. 92 00:07:29,000 --> 00:07:32,000 Now you want to give this some time depending on your machine. 93 00:07:32,000 --> 00:07:36,000 Sometimes, again, it seems like it's stuck at one stage, but it's not. 94 00:07:36,000 --> 00:07:37,000 It's loading. 95 00:07:37,000 --> 00:07:39,000 So just be patient with it. 96 00:07:39,000 --> 00:07:42,000 And once it's done, you'll have the software installed. 97 00:07:43,000 --> 00:07:44,000 Perfect. 98 00:07:44,000 --> 00:07:46,000 Now the installation is complete. 99 00:07:46,000 --> 00:07:54,000 So right now we have installed this software, the lever office writer on the Fedora 30 virtual machine. 100 00:07:54,000 --> 00:08:00,000 So I'm going to close myself to our manager and I don't want to use this virtual machine anymore because 101 00:08:00,000 --> 00:08:05,000 like I said, the we don't use the template virtual machines for our daily use. 102 00:08:05,000 --> 00:08:09,000 Therefore we're just going to go to my cubes and I'm going to shut it down. 103 00:08:09,000 --> 00:08:18,000 Now you'll notice we have a new icon in here beside all of the virtual machines that use the fedora 104 00:08:18,000 --> 00:08:20,000 as its template. 105 00:08:20,000 --> 00:08:26,000 And if we hover over this icon, you'll see that it's telling us that once our template is stopped, 106 00:08:26,000 --> 00:08:32,000 once we shut down the Fedora Machine, the changes that we made to the template will be reflected on 107 00:08:32,000 --> 00:08:37,000 these machines because these machines use the fedora as their template. 108 00:08:38,000 --> 00:08:44,000 Now I'm also going to go ahead and turn off my work computer so the software that I installed should 109 00:08:44,000 --> 00:08:50,000 be available in my work and in all of the other machines that use Fedora as a template. 110 00:08:50,000 --> 00:08:56,000 So let's go ahead and start my work and I'm just going to go to my file manager. 111 00:08:57,000 --> 00:09:03,000 And I'm going to go to my downloads because I've already downloaded Microsoft Word document in here 112 00:09:03,000 --> 00:09:04,000 just for testing. 113 00:09:04,000 --> 00:09:07,000 So let's right click this and open with labor. 114 00:09:07,000 --> 00:09:10,000 Office Writer As you can see, we have a new option in here. 115 00:09:10,000 --> 00:09:12,000 This wasn't available. 116 00:09:12,000 --> 00:09:16,000 This is only available because we installed office writer. 117 00:09:16,000 --> 00:09:22,000 And the only reason why it's available in work because work uses the fedora 30 as its template. 118 00:09:22,000 --> 00:09:28,000 And since we installed this in the template, it's going to be available to all virtual machines that 119 00:09:28,000 --> 00:09:33,000 are based on this template, such as the work virtual machine or the work domain. 120 00:09:33,000 --> 00:09:38,000 So if I click on this to load the program and I'll be able to read this document. 121 00:09:39,000 --> 00:09:43,000 Now, one last thing that I want to show you before we wrap this up. 122 00:09:43,000 --> 00:09:44,000 I'm going to close this. 123 00:09:44,000 --> 00:09:51,000 And if I go in here and go to my work, you can see that I have some of the programs that are installed 124 00:09:51,000 --> 00:09:57,000 in the work domain, in the work virtual machine such as the files, Firefox and my terminal. 125 00:09:57,000 --> 00:10:02,000 But I still don't see the Labor Office writer, which is what I just installed. 126 00:10:02,000 --> 00:10:08,000 So it will be really nice if I have it here and I'll be able to access it directly from here so that 127 00:10:08,000 --> 00:10:14,000 it will automatically start the work domain and then from there launch the office writer similar to 128 00:10:14,000 --> 00:10:16,000 what happens if I just click on Firefox? 129 00:10:17,000 --> 00:10:19,000 Now doing this is very simple. 130 00:10:19,000 --> 00:10:21,000 Again, we're going to go back to our cubes manager. 131 00:10:21,000 --> 00:10:25,000 We're going to click the machine that we want to modify, which is my work. 132 00:10:25,000 --> 00:10:29,000 In this example, we're going to click on its settings and here. 133 00:10:30,000 --> 00:10:37,000 And we're going to go to applications and this will list all of the applications available on this virtual 134 00:10:37,000 --> 00:10:38,000 machine. 135 00:10:38,000 --> 00:10:44,000 We're going to click on refresh applications first to get a list of all of the applications available. 136 00:10:45,000 --> 00:10:50,000 This will have to start the template in the background, as you can see, and it will automatically 137 00:10:50,000 --> 00:10:52,000 shut it down once the refresh is done. 138 00:10:53,000 --> 00:10:59,000 And then in here, in the left side, we have all of the programs installed on the work virtual machine. 139 00:10:59,000 --> 00:11:05,000 So we're going to look for the program that we want to add to the menu that we have in here. 140 00:11:05,000 --> 00:11:11,000 So I'm going to scroll down and you can see I have my labor office writer in here. 141 00:11:11,000 --> 00:11:17,000 So I'm just going to click on the right arrow and we have Labor Office added now in here. 142 00:11:17,000 --> 00:11:18,000 So I'm going to click on. 143 00:11:18,000 --> 00:11:19,000 Okay. 144 00:11:19,000 --> 00:11:26,000 And now if I go to my menu and go to work, you'll see that I have a new entry for the program that 145 00:11:26,000 --> 00:11:32,000 I picked and I can just simply click this from here to start Labor office whenever I want. 146 00:11:33,000 --> 00:11:37,000 So if the virtual machine is running, this will instantly start the program. 147 00:11:37,000 --> 00:11:43,000 If the virtual machine is off, it'll first start an instance of my work virtual machine, and then 148 00:11:43,000 --> 00:11:48,000 it will automatically launch the program that I selected, which is Labor Office in this case. 149 00:11:49,000 --> 00:11:50,000 So that's it for this lecture. 150 00:11:50,000 --> 00:11:57,000 Now you know how to install software in cubes and use it in the different domains so you can use this 151 00:11:57,000 --> 00:12:03,000 to install any program you want, not only lever office, whether you want to install pigeon or any 152 00:12:03,000 --> 00:12:09,000 other software that we used before or any other software that you're used to, you can follow the exact 153 00:12:09,000 --> 00:12:16,000 same steps to install it on cubes and then make it available to any domain or to any virtual machine 154 00:12:16,000 --> 00:12:18,000 within your cubes installation.