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In this video we will set up the environment for the OS projects in windows 10.

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In this course we will build the projects under linux environment. 

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So we need to enable
Windows subsystem for Linux in Windows 10.

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To do that, we search windows subsystem windows 10. We click the link install windows subsystem for linux.

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We click the link install window subsystem for Linux.

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In this page, we can follow the steps to finish the installation. We first need to enable subsystem feature. 

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So we copy the command and paste it in the power shell. 

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In the search box we type power shell and open it as administrator. administrator.

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Ok, we paste the command here. After the operation is completed, restart the computer before we go to next step. 

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At this point, we can install linux system. Here we go to step 6. 

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All you need to do is open microsoft store and search ubuntu system. 

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We use Ubuntu 18.04 in this course.

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In this page, you can click get to install Ubuntu. After the installation is done,

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you can open the ubuntu in the start menu or you can run the system in the search box.  

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The first time you launch the system, you will need to create a user account and password.

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This is the account we will use when we build our projects.

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When you set up the user account, we can go to next step. In the ubuntu system, we need gcc and nasm

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to build the projects.

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So we install gcc and press enter. As you see, I have already installed it. 

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When the installation is done, you can check the status by typing gcc -v. 

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The version we use is x86 64. 

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OK, the next thing we will do is install nasm assembler which is used for the assembly code.  

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You can also check the version by command nasm -v. 

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Ok that’s it for the setup in ubuntu system.

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Then we get to virtual machine. All the projects will be tested in the emulator and then running 

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in the real machine.

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The reason we need virtual machine is that when we put the projects in the real machine, the computer could restart 

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,

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if we have no interrupt handlers when the exception occurs.  Therefore, we test the project in the virtual machine 

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and then can run the code in the real machine if you like. 

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Bochs emulator can report error messages if the code causes exceptions, 

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which is very important for us to debug the code. To download it, we search bochs and go to the website. 

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Click source forge project.  In this page, we choose 64-bit version. 

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Now you can click it to install bochs.  The installation is simple, all you need to do is keep the default settings 

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and install it. 

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Once you are done, we create an image file.

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So in the search box, we open command prompt, in this window we navigate to desktop 

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and the image will be created here.  To create the image file, we use command bximage.  

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If you have an error bxiamge is not recognized as a command, you can edit the path in the environment variables. 

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In the search box, we type environment variables 

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and edit the system environment variables.  In this window, we select path and click edit

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You can add the bochs path here by clicking new

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and copy the path here.  As you see, I have added the path. Once you are done, we can run this command

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.

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Here we want to create hard disk image, so we select option 1 and hit enter. 

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The default setting is hard disk, we press enter.  

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Sectors is set to 512 bytes. The size of disk is 10 megabytes which is enough for our project. 

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We name the image file boot.img and we will write the project into this image file

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.

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OK, the image is created.

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Notice that we have these three values which we will need to fill in the bochs configuration file later.

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At this point, we can open bochs and edit the configuration file.  So we type bochs and open it in the search box.

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Because some options of the virtual environment configuration is not for our os projects.  

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We need to change some settings. 

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The first one we change is for the cpu features which is in the cpuid option. As you see, 

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long mode support is enabled   

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what we want here is the 1g page support.  Our memory manager requires 1g page support at its initialization stage

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.

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So we enable this feature.  

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The memory allocated for the virtual machine is 1024mb which is enough for the project. 

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In the memory option, we change the memory size to 1024.

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OK.

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The last settings we need to change is for the boot image file which is located in the disk and boot options

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.

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We first look at ata channel 0. You can see channel is enabled. And we use the default settings here.

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Next we specify the type of device disk.   The path or physical device name is the name of the boot image file

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.

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As for the next three options, remember we have seen the three numbers 20 16 and 63.  

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They will be put into these settings.  

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Ok now the boot image will be loaded as a disk device. Then we will select this device as the first device to boot. 

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So we change the floppy drive to disk.  

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Save options to the configuration file and we are good to go.

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We exit it out and see what we have in the configuration file. 

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As you can see, the memory size is 1024mb. 

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The boot option is set to disk.  The disk path is boot.img.

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In the following lectures,  we will place this file in the folder where we build the project. 

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And bochs will start with the boot.img in the same folder. We will delve into details

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when we build our first program.

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As for the text editor, you can choose what you like. The editor used in this course is visual studio code.

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If you want to use the same text editor, you can search visual studio code.

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Go to the website and click download.

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Once it's done, click it to install.

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So the process is simple, all you need to do is follow the instructions and install the program.

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After the installation is done, you can add some extensions. The extensions I use in this course 

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are c extensions 

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and x86 64 assembly syntax highlighting. 

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Ok the last program we need is rufus which can create a bootable usb flash drive 

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if you want to test the system in a real machine.  

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In the download section, click rufus to download it. 

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You can place it in the desktop here

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I highly recommend using rufus to write the project into usb flash drive. Because if we don’t insert 

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usb flash drive to the computer, there is no options in the device list.

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If we use commands to do that instead, we could write the project into the wrong device, 

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which could overwrite the data.

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So if you have windows system, be sure to use rufus to write the project into the USB flash drive.

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In the next section, we will start to build our operating system from scratch.

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Let's get started.