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(musical sound effects)

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- [Keith] In this lesson I'd like to start

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by talking about one of the two ways

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that you can incorporate
switching into your

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GNS3 simulated network topology.

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Because chances are, I'm
guessing that if you're studying

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your CCNA, NP, or anything
else, you're gonna need

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to be able to practice
switching along with that.

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Now as far as switching is concerned,

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there's two basic ways to do that.

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There's several advanced
ways using L2, IOU,

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and other stuff I'm not gonna
get into in this series,

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but there's two basic
ways that you can do that

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if you're sort of a new
or intermediate GNS3 user.

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One is to use what's called
a built-in switch node,

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and the other is to import
in a router that acts

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like a switch called an ether switch.

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So in this particular video,

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I'm gonna be focusing in on the first one,

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built-in switch node, so let's
talk a little bit about that.

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So here is my GNS3 topology,

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and in this particular case it's already

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fully functioning and built,

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and I've used a built-in switch node,

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so this is what the built-in
switch node looks like,

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and where you would get that from,

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is from right here in
the device notes section.

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This section right here is where you find

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your switches, so here's
the various routers

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that are available to you,

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and here's where you find your
various layer two switches.

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And the Ethernet switch is
the one that we're gonna be

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focusing in on today,

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and you can just drag and drop that,

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just like anything else.

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Now the Ethernet switch,
if you choose to use that,

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one of the nice things about that is,

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like I said it's a built-in node,

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built in to GNS3 so,
it doesn't require any

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IOS, it actually is
not even configured via

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command line at all, you just configure it

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via a very basic GUI.

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Now this built-in switch
node, like I said,

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very basic device.

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Really the only thing you're
ever gonna want to use it for,

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is one of two things, either
segmenting your network

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into different VLANS, or I
guess it could be an and,

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using 802.1Q trunking.

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So those are really the only two things.

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This built-in switch node
does not do anything else.

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It does not do any of
the CISCO stuff like DTP

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or VTP, or CDP, none of that.

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As a matter of fact, these switching nodes

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don't even do Spanning Tree,
so be very careful about that,

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because if you actually
do put two or more of them

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in your topology and you
connect them together,

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you can very quickly
create a bridging loop,

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because there's nothing to
prevent the bridging loop,

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there is no Spanning Tree in here,

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so that is something to be wary of.

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So in this particular environment,

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I'll go ahead and get rid
of it by just right clicking

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on it and then selecting delete,

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because I don't need that one.

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In this particular case, all
I'm doing is I've got four PC's

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which are segmented into
two different VLANs,

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a VLAN for payroll, and a
VLAN for human resources.

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And maybe what I want to do,
maybe the objective of this lab

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was simply to practice
the router on a stick,

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so I didn't really care
about practicing the switch,

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I just wanted to practice
how to create a router

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on a stick for the router.

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So maybe that was my objective.

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Now in this particular case,

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all this is already up,

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the router has already
been pre-configured,

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and what I want to do is show you,

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how did I get to this point?

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How did I get this switch in
here, and how did I configure

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it in such a way that
two of its interfaces,

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these two right here, would
be in one VLAN, like VLAN one,

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and these two interfaces right
here would be in a completely

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different VLAN, and this
interface right here

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was 802.1Q, because
that's what was necessary

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in order to make this topology work.

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So how did I do it?

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All right so let's start,
let's go back a little bit,

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and start by getting rid of the switch.

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Right click it, select delete, yes.

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And when I delete it,
all of the links I've had

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to various devices are also deleted.

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Okay so, let's go back into here

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and open up my switching
section, there we go,

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and I'll drag and drop my Ethernet switch

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into the topology.

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All right so there it is.

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And notice that as a built-in node,

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the moment you drag and
drop it, notice over here,

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on the right, how it's already green.

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So it's already on,
it's already activated,

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there's no shutting down
of this particular device,

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it's just always there.

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Okay so now if I right click on it,

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remember this doesn't have
any kind of command line,

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so the way you would actually
configure its interface

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is by selecting the configure option,

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the very first option.

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So as you can see, what it
comes up with by default,

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are eight interfaces, all of
which are static access ports,

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all of which are in VLAN one.

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If I wanna add a new interface,

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you can see it's already
set up and ready to go,

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so if I click the add button, it will add

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interface number nine,
or port number nine,

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there will be an access port,
and it'll be in VLAN one,

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so boop, there we go.

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Now if I wanna add another interface,

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interface number ten,
maybe I want that to be

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in a different VLAN, so
you can just change that,

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hit add, boop, there you go again.

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Maybe I wanna add a new interface,

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interface 11, and I want it to be 802.1Q,

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so you can see your options
here from the drop down menu.

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Now when I make this as 802.1Q port,

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the VLAN referenced here,
is gonna be the native VLAN.

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So I might not want VLAN
five as the native VLAN

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for my 802.1Q trunk, so I'll
set that back down to one.

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And you can see here
how it's been created.

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So adding new interfaces, pretty easy.

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I've actually read that
this switch can support

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like up to 10,000 VLAN's,
some crazy number.

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Now, what if you want to
modify an existing port?

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That, you cannot do.

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So for example, let me, first of all

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you have to double click
on a port to select it,

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double click, double click.

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And if I wanted to change port number one

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to be an access port in
VLAN two, you might think

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okay, we'll just change
that, and then hit apply.

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But look, nothing happened.

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It's still an access port in VLAN one,

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it didn't change anything.

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Similarly, if I wanted to
change one of these existing

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ports into an 802.1Q
trunk, that wouldn't work.

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So what's the moral of this story?

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Well, if you want to take an existing port

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and change its characteristics,

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you have to delete it first.

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So I'm just gonna delete everything,

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I'm gonna start with port number one,

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and delete everything that's in there.

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Okay all the ports are gone,

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and now for the purposes of my topology,

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what I'm gonna do is, I'm
gonna have ports one and two

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leading to these two PC's and VLAN one.

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I'll have ports three and
four leading to these PC's

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in VLAN two, and then
I'll have port number five

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as an 802.1Q trunk.

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So once again right click
and select configure.

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So port number one is already by default

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gonna be an access port in VLAN one,

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so I'll just hit add, port number two

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I'll just add that, that's okay.

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Port number three, before I
create it, that's the key,

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before you create it, I'm
gonna change the VLAN to two,

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add it, port number four I
also want to be in VLAN two,

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so add it.

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And by the way, you
can also see right here

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that you can change the name
of the switch, if you wish.

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And then port number
five, I'm gonna have that

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as an 802.1Q port, and I'm gonna have

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the native VLAN as one.

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And then hit apply, and then okay.

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So now it's ready.

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Another way that you can verify,

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if you're taking a look at a switch,

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an Ethernet switch, and you
wonder how it's configured,

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all you have to do it hover over it.

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So put your mouse over it, hover there,

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and then it'll tell you.

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Now in this particular case,

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it's saying the ports are empty
because it's not connected

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to anything yet.

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So once I actually connect
those ports to something

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and then I hover over it,

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I'll actually see a lot more stuff.

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I'll see if it's trunking,
I'll see if it's in a VLAN,

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I'll see all that.

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So, let's do that next.

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So now I'm gonna go to my
connect or add a link tool,

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just click that.

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All right, so I'll select port number one,

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I'll just click on port one,

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and I'll go over here to my first PC

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and select his Ethernet.

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Select port number two,
go to my second PC,

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and I'll just keep doing
that for the remaining PC's.

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And also in this particular lab,

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I'm using another built-in node,

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the virtual PC simulator.

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Not gonna talk about that
in great detail right now,

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we'll get into that in a subsequent video.

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And then lastly, we'll
take port number five

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which has already been
pre-configured as a trunk,

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and connect it to fast
Ethernet zero one on my switch,

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on my router, that is.

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Deselect the link tool,

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because I don't want
to add any more links.

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Some of this stuff looks kinda messy,

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which is nice because I
can drag this stuff around,

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to make it a little bit
more easily visible.

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So if for some reason I wanna
take a screenshot of this,

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or just for my own benefit,
I can actually read it

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a little bit easier.

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Now let's just move the name
of the switch down here.

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And now we should be good to go.

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Now in this particular case,

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the router's already pre-configured,

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and now if I hover over
the switch at this point,

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and zoom in there, now you can see,

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for example, port one is
access mode in VLAN one,

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port three is in access mode, VLAN two,

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and port five is .1Q,
with a native VLAN of one,

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that tells you what it's connected to.

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So that's sort of a nice way to get

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a status update on the device.

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Everything is green right now,

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so let me go into one of my
virtual PC's and make sure

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it's got an IP address.

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And it does, let's see if
he can ping his counterpart,

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PC two, who's also in
the payroll department.

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Not reachable, okay,
so let's check PC two.

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Show IP.

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All right, so he was, he does
have the correct IP address.

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Actually, I have seen this before,

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where everything is set up correctly,

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but they're not ping-able,

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and what I've had to do

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in this particular situation actually is,

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actually before I disconnect,

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I wanna save my configuration on the PC's.

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Close this, and what I've seen,

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what I have to do to make
this work is basically

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to shut everything down, so
click the stop all devices

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button, up here.

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And you can see that stops
everything but the switch,

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and now turn everything back on again.

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Let's go back into my PC.

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Show, show IP.

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He still has his IP address,
now let's see if he can ping

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the other PC in the
same VLAN, and it works.

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Not sure why you have
to take that extra step,

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but in the particular
case it was necessary

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to stop and restart everything.

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And so that's the basics
of the Ethernet switch,

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real simple, as you can see once again,

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just right click it, hit configure,

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and then you can modify the various ports.

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Now as you can see,
there's a few other options

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available to you here
when you right click,

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such as change the host name,

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which is something we're
actually able to do

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in that GUI, change the symbol,

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if you wanna change it from this switch

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to one of the other switch types you can.

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Capture, if I selected
this I could actually

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do in a wireshark capture,

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and it would first prompt
me for what interface

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I want to capture on,

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and then once it's started,

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every packet going in and out

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would be displayed in wireshark,

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and I'll go ahead and do
that in a subsequent video

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where I can focus exclusively

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on wireshark interaction with this.

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And raising and lowering one layer,

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we've already talked about
that when I talked about

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adding circles or adding
squares into your topology.

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And then of course, there is delete.

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So that concludes this particular section

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on the built-in switch node.

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In the next section, we're gonna look at

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actually dragging and dropping a router

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that has a special module in it called

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the ether switch module.

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And that's gonna be useful
for you if you actually

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wanna practice IOS switching commands,

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like Spanning Tree, trunking,

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PortFast, and a range of other stuff.

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So we'll see that in the next video.