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- [Narrator] In this video
I'd like to talk about

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an alternative way of doing switching

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in your GNS3 topology by
using the EtherSwitch router.

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And if you wanna practice IOS commands

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that relate to switches,

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this is what you're gonna wanna do.

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So, before we actually
look at how to do this,

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let's talk about how do I get this

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into my topology in the first place.

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This is not a built in node,

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this is a special IOS image

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support on a certain range of routers

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that give the routers this ability.

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So, how do we figure that out?

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Well, the first thing
you're going to want to do

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is go to GNS3.com.

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And go ahead and log in...

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And then from there
you're gonna wanna click

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on support followed by documentation,

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and then from here, click on where it says

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"Adding IOS Images".

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We already saw this window
before a couple of videos back,

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when we were talking about what IOS images

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were suitable for GNS3,

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so I'm gonna go back to
that exact same document

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that we were looking at next time,

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which is viewable right here,

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from where it says "In this document".

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We're gonna wanna click on those words,

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which will bring up another document.

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Okay, so, the EtherSwitch module

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is an actual module that
goes in a network module slot

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within a router.

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So, any of the routers
that you see in this list

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that support NMs or network modules

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will support the EtherSwitch module.

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So for example, look at the 1700 series.

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It says it supports two sub-slots for WICs

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and no network slots,

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so if you get yourself a 1700
series IOS software image,

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you will not have access
to the EtherSwitch module.

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So if we scroll down past all of these,

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past the 7200s at the bottom,

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it actually has a section right there

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on Cisco Catalyst Switches.

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And it says that as long
as you can get an IOS image

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that supports the 2600s,
3600s, or 3700s series,

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then you will have access
to the EtherSwitch module.

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In my particular example in this video,

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I'm going to be using a
3725 for the EtherSwitch.

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Now one other thing that's
important to know about this,

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is notice it says that
the EtherSwitch module,

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because its not a hardware based switch,

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like a Catalyst 6500 or a Catalyst 4500

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or something like that,

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it's not gonna support
the full range of features

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that you would have in
a real physical switch.

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And right here in this document

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it actually tells you, if I
zoom in here a little bit,

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these are all the features
which are not supported

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by the EtherSwitch module,

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so there are quite a bit of them,

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and that's just a limitation
of that particular module,

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even if you had a real 3700 router

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and you had a real EtherSwitch
module plugged into it,

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you would still have a serious
limitation on these switches

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right here, on these various features.

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So, there's a lot of stuff in here,

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and especially if you're a CCNA candidate,

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I wanna point out some of the features

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that unfortunately are
missing from this device,

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that you are gonna wanna
have some practice with

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if you can.

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So number 1.

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And I'm sure its somewhere
here on this list,

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I'm just not looking at it right now,

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but when it comes to
trunking, 802.1Q trunking,

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you're gonna wanna learn how to configure

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and monitor dynamic trunks that use DTP,

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the Dynamic Trunking Protocol,

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so in a real switch,

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it would be switch port mode dynamic,

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and then you'd select auto or desirable.

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Switch port mode auto or desirable.

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That's not available here.

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In the EtherSwitch module all you can do

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is statically configure
an interface as a trunk

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with Switch port mode trunk,

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there is no dynamic option.

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Another thing,

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when it comes to EtherChannels,

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you can create EtherChannels in here

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but you cannot create
dynamic EtherChannels,

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so once again, with
EtherChannel in a real switch,

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you have a choice if you want to of either

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using the port aggregation
protocol or LACP.

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Once again, that would be like

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desirable or auto, or something like that.

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Passive active.

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Those keywords also, not available
in an EtherSwitch module.

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When it comes to VTP, the
VLAN Trunking Protocol,

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what I've noticed is that real switches,

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and you'll see this in documentation,

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if one switch is configured
with a VTP domain name,

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and then it trunks with a second switch,

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there's a functional trunk here,

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and the second switch
has no VTP domain name,

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it's empty, it's null,

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the second switch can learn
of the VTP domain name

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from the first switch.

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That's not gonna happen
in this particular case.

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I'm not exactly sure in the background why

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that's not happening,

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because these do support
VTP to a limited extent,

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they support VTP version 1 and 2,

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not VTP version 3,

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but still for a CCNA candidate,

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pretty much all the VTP
stuff you'd want to do

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is support on here, but
not the dynamic learning

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of domain names.

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At the CCNA level you have to learn about

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Rapid Spanning Tree or Rapid PVST.

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Unfortunately, these EtherSwitch modules

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only support 802.1D or PVST normal,

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PVST plus, with 802.1D they do not support

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Rapid Spanning Tree, they do not support

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Multiple Spanning Trees,

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and MST is something you
have to learn to configure

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and troubleshoot at the
CCNP level and above.

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One big feature that's missing from here,

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which is unfortunate,

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because the CCNA a lot of times

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is gonna hit you hard on this feature,

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is port security.

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When you're learning about switching,

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one of the features
you're expected to know

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is port security, how to configure it,

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the various different keywords and Gotchas

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that go along with port security.

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Unfortunately, this EtherSwitch module

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also does not support port security.

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Now when you get up to the CCNP level,

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this big list here takes
on even more relevance,

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as there's a lot more features
that are not supported here.

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So, if you're at the CCNP level

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studying for your switch exam or beyond,

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like the CCIE level

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and you need access to all
these missing features,

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unfortunately at that point,

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you're gonna only have two options:

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Either get yourself a
real physical switch,

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which is the ideal option,

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and there are ways you
can actually connect

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a real physical switch
into your GNS3 topology

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if you need to do that,

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or get your hands on L2IOU.

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But even L2IOU doesn't have
all the things supported

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in a real switch,

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there are some features in
L2IOU that are not supported,

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so if you want the full
range of everything

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you're gonna have to have
a real physical switch.

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So, now that we've spent
enough time on talking about

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what this thing can't do,

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let's take a look at what it can do.

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So we know now that any router

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that supports network modules

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will support this EtherSwitch module,

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so what I'm gonna do if I
haven't already done this,

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I'm gonna go to Edit and Preferences,

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under Dynamips I'm gonna
click on IOS routers,

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and I want to add a new router,

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because if you had an EtherSwitch router,

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it would show up here, you
would see it in this list.

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But we don't see one,

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so I'm gonna click on new,

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and I'm gonna use my existing image, 3725.

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In this particular case
I'm just gonna say,

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C3725, let's say EtherSwitch.

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But this is the key part, right here,

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when adding this you
wanna select this option

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where it says, "This is
an EtherSwitch Router,"

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and actually by doing that
it changes the name for you,

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I didn't even need to change the name.

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So that is the critical
component, right there,

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if you don't select that, that
EtherSwitch network module

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will not be available to
you on the next screen,

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so we need to select that.

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And now when I hit next,

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select the appropriate amount of memory,

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which I think is 256 for
this particular image,

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and now you can see by
default it populates

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one of your network module
slots with a 16 port

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EtherSwitch module.

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Now if you want to, if
16 ports is not enough,

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you could populate it with another one,

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or certainly if you wanna use this router

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for routing as well as switching,

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oh, let's put in a four
port serial card as well.

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And because this is a 3725,

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we have some WIC slots available,

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I'm just gonna leave these empty

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because I don't care about those

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for this demonstration.

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And we're gonna wanna find an idle PC.

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And this is normal, don't
worry too much about this,

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we just have to wait for
about 30 seconds or so,

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and then it should find an idle PC value

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for this particular platform.

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And there we go.

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It has found an idle PC value,

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which is what we were looking for,

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so click okay, and finish.

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And now we can see,

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up in the available platforms,

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now we have, if I expand
this a little bit,

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it actually won't let me,

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we have an EtherSwitch router.

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So click okay.

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So now on this particular topology

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which is the topology we
just saw in the last video,

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I'm going to accomplish the same thing,

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but this time I'm gonna
use the EtherSwitch router,

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so I can have a little bit more experience

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configuring IOS switching commands.

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So click once again on your switching tab,

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or switching button,

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and now we have an EtherSwitch router,

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so I'm just gonna drag and
drop that into place...

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Okay, so let's go ahead

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and connect its interfaces.

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Now let's talk a little
bit about its interfaces

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for just a second.

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I'll zoom in here.

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Because this is a 3725,

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the fast Ethernet interfaces

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that are on the main
chassis, which you see here

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are Fast Ethernet 0/0 Fast Ethernet 0/1.

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Those are routed interfaces,

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those do not belong to
the switching module.

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So you have to look under,

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and you can see here,

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which ones are included
under the switching module,

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and if you see that,

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let's bring that up again,

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you can see that slot 1
has the network module

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with the 16 port EtherSwitch.

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So in this particular
case, ports 1/0 up to 1/15

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will be my switching interfaces,

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that's where I will find those.

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So don't try to configure
your switchport commands

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on the first couple of interfaces,

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because those Fast Ethernet interfaces

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are router interfaces,
not switching interfaces.

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Now this one,

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if I right click,

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I don't wanna select configure,

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this is not like the built in switch node

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that we saw before,

259
00:10:38,386 --> 00:10:40,887
I'm not gonna configure
this thing via a GUI,

260
00:10:40,887 --> 00:10:44,569
I'm gonna configure it via
the actual command line.

261
00:10:44,569 --> 00:10:46,654
So let's go ahead and start it up first,

262
00:10:46,654 --> 00:10:47,934
'cause I won't even get the command line

263
00:10:47,934 --> 00:10:49,689
if I don't start it.

264
00:10:49,689 --> 00:10:50,594
Here we go.

265
00:10:50,594 --> 00:10:54,761
And let's go ahead and right
click and select console.

266
00:10:58,481 --> 00:10:59,814
And here we are.

267
00:11:00,658 --> 00:11:03,658
Wait for it to boot up a little bit.

268
00:11:07,690 --> 00:11:09,322
Okay, now before I configure it,

269
00:11:09,322 --> 00:11:11,892
I can go ahead and add
my connections at least,

270
00:11:11,892 --> 00:11:13,188
using the link tool,

271
00:11:13,188 --> 00:11:14,530
so I'll click on that.

272
00:11:14,530 --> 00:11:16,989
So here I'll select the
very first switching port,

273
00:11:16,989 --> 00:11:19,040
which is 1/0.

274
00:11:19,040 --> 00:11:21,562
I'll connect that to PC 1.

275
00:11:21,562 --> 00:11:25,145
And I'll keep doing it
with the other ones.

276
00:11:33,270 --> 00:11:34,103
And when I'm done here,

277
00:11:34,103 --> 00:11:37,150
I will move the port
designators around a little bit

278
00:11:37,150 --> 00:11:40,134
so they are actually clear.

279
00:11:40,134 --> 00:11:42,170
Alright, so that's that.

280
00:11:42,170 --> 00:11:43,479
Let's go ahead and move this guy

281
00:11:43,479 --> 00:11:46,562
so that everything lines up nicely...

282
00:11:52,294 --> 00:11:55,750
Okay, now I can see my
interface designations

283
00:11:55,750 --> 00:11:59,083
a little bit more clearly at this point.

284
00:12:01,322 --> 00:12:02,472
Okay, so in the last video,

285
00:12:02,472 --> 00:12:04,602
in order to create our
VLANs and create our trunks

286
00:12:04,602 --> 00:12:06,721
and assign it to the ports,

287
00:12:06,721 --> 00:12:08,349
it was all based on the GUI.

288
00:12:08,349 --> 00:12:09,598
Well now I've actually got a router,

289
00:12:09,598 --> 00:12:12,282
so I have to go in there
and configure that.

290
00:12:12,282 --> 00:12:13,603
So let's go ahead and start with

291
00:12:13,603 --> 00:12:17,272
Fast Ethernet 1/0 and 1/1.

292
00:12:17,272 --> 00:12:18,440
So because this is a router,

293
00:12:18,440 --> 00:12:21,232
I can actually use the #int range command.

294
00:12:21,232 --> 00:12:25,399
#int range fast 1/0 - 1/1.

295
00:12:28,951 --> 00:12:29,951
#switchport.

296
00:12:30,795 --> 00:12:32,795
#switchport mode access.

297
00:12:34,856 --> 00:12:37,023
#switchport access vlan 1.

298
00:12:38,157 --> 00:12:38,990
#no shut.

299
00:12:41,225 --> 00:12:44,998
Now let's go back to 1/2 and 1/3

300
00:12:44,998 --> 00:12:47,665
and let's put those into VLAN 2.

301
00:12:55,554 --> 00:12:56,554
#switchport.

302
00:12:58,179 --> 00:13:00,796
#switchport mode access.

303
00:13:00,796 --> 00:13:03,496
#switchport mode access vlan 2.

304
00:13:03,496 --> 00:13:05,406
And notice it created
VLAN 2 just like you'd see

305
00:13:05,406 --> 00:13:07,037
in a real switch.

306
00:13:07,037 --> 00:13:08,312
#no shut.

307
00:13:08,312 --> 00:13:09,145
#exit.

308
00:13:09,145 --> 00:13:11,033
Now if I wanted to create
a VLAN on this thing,

309
00:13:11,033 --> 00:13:13,501
some of the earlier versions of GNS3

310
00:13:13,501 --> 00:13:15,459
and earlier versions of software

311
00:13:15,459 --> 00:13:17,038
said that in order to create a VLAN

312
00:13:17,038 --> 00:13:20,266
you had to go into VLAN database mode.

313
00:13:20,266 --> 00:13:22,245
And then from there type in your VLAN

314
00:13:22,245 --> 00:13:23,878
or whatever it was,

315
00:13:23,878 --> 00:13:26,043
but in reality you don't
have to do that anymore.

316
00:13:26,043 --> 00:13:27,661
Here from the global configuration mode

317
00:13:27,661 --> 00:13:29,523
you can still create a VLAN.

318
00:13:29,523 --> 00:13:30,356
It works.

319
00:13:33,388 --> 00:13:34,335
Now the last step,

320
00:13:34,335 --> 00:13:36,859
I want to create my 802.1Q trunk

321
00:13:36,859 --> 00:13:40,442
right here on Fast Ethernet 1/4.

322
00:13:48,115 --> 00:13:50,042
So notice when I do #switchport mode,

323
00:13:50,042 --> 00:13:52,207
if this was a real
switch you'd have access

324
00:13:52,207 --> 00:13:54,187
to #switchport mode dynamic,

325
00:13:54,187 --> 00:13:56,145
but that's not in right here,

326
00:13:56,145 --> 00:13:57,579
so I can't select that.

327
00:13:57,579 --> 00:13:59,974
So, #switchport mode trunk.

328
00:13:59,974 --> 00:14:02,511
Also notice that with just a
regular #switchport command,

329
00:14:02,511 --> 00:14:06,590
one thing that's missing is
#switchport port security.

330
00:14:06,590 --> 00:14:08,662
The port security option
is not available here

331
00:14:08,662 --> 00:14:09,912
as I mentioned.

332
00:14:12,716 --> 00:14:13,549
#no shut.

333
00:14:14,612 --> 00:14:15,834
#exit.

334
00:14:15,834 --> 00:14:17,981
And before I leave here,
you do have a variety

335
00:14:17,981 --> 00:14:22,253
of spanning tree commands
available to you,

336
00:14:22,253 --> 00:14:23,513
for practicing spanning tree,

337
00:14:23,513 --> 00:14:25,467
and moving around your root bridge,

338
00:14:25,467 --> 00:14:28,057
and practicing per VLAN
spanning tree plus,

339
00:14:28,057 --> 00:14:30,057
and all that good stuff.

340
00:14:32,105 --> 00:14:34,600
Now one other thing that's
sort of different in here,

341
00:14:34,600 --> 00:14:36,594
if you were in a real switch

342
00:14:36,594 --> 00:14:40,594
and you wanted to see
what VLANs were available,

343
00:14:41,907 --> 00:14:44,021
you would simply type show VLAN.

344
00:14:44,021 --> 00:14:45,785
Well, that's not the correct command,

345
00:14:45,785 --> 00:14:47,371
and actually it tells you
up at the very beginning,

346
00:14:47,371 --> 00:14:49,864
if I can go through there
when it first came up,

347
00:14:49,864 --> 00:14:52,756
right here it says "To
view existing vlans,

348
00:14:52,756 --> 00:14:56,256
use the command "show vlan-switch brief.""

349
00:14:58,290 --> 00:15:00,207
Show vlan-switch brief.

350
00:15:02,270 --> 00:15:03,924
And that's how I can see my VLANS

351
00:15:03,924 --> 00:15:05,843
and the output is pretty much identical

352
00:15:05,843 --> 00:15:07,259
to the output you would see

353
00:15:07,259 --> 00:15:09,676
on a regular physical switch.

354
00:15:17,187 --> 00:15:18,198
Okay, so nothing's showing up

355
00:15:18,198 --> 00:15:19,670
under #sho interface trunk,

356
00:15:19,670 --> 00:15:21,135
which is a little bit suspicious,

357
00:15:21,135 --> 00:15:22,309
so let's take a look.

358
00:15:22,309 --> 00:15:23,624
According to my topology here,

359
00:15:23,624 --> 00:15:26,507
interface Fast Ethernet
1/4 should be trunking,

360
00:15:26,507 --> 00:15:28,131
it's possible it's not coming up

361
00:15:28,131 --> 00:15:31,538
because the other end of
the line is currently down.

362
00:15:31,538 --> 00:15:34,107
Router 1 right now is in a shutdown state,

363
00:15:34,107 --> 00:15:37,239
so that might be why Fast
Ethernet 1/4's not coming up.

364
00:15:37,239 --> 00:15:39,231
So let's just bring everything else up,

365
00:15:39,231 --> 00:15:41,192
give it just a couple
seconds in the background,

366
00:15:41,192 --> 00:15:43,775
for Router 1 to finish loading.

367
00:15:49,407 --> 00:15:52,157
#sho run int fast 1/4.

368
00:15:54,515 --> 00:15:57,924
Okay, switchport mode trunk,
duplex full, speed 100.

369
00:15:57,924 --> 00:15:59,759
That looks good, it is not shut down.

370
00:15:59,759 --> 00:16:02,176
#sho int fast 1/4,

371
00:16:04,330 --> 00:16:06,838
so what about the
physical layer properties.

372
00:16:06,838 --> 00:16:08,878
Ah, okay, so here we have a problem.

373
00:16:08,878 --> 00:16:12,276
Fast Etherner 1/4 is up, but
the line protocol is down,

374
00:16:12,276 --> 00:16:13,638
most likely because something

375
00:16:13,638 --> 00:16:17,938
is not configured correctly
on the router's side.

376
00:16:17,938 --> 00:16:19,734
So let's just go back to the router here

377
00:16:19,734 --> 00:16:21,484
and get that working.

378
00:16:23,818 --> 00:16:25,485
So here's my router.

379
00:16:29,989 --> 00:16:34,156
#sh run | begin interface FastEthernet0/1.

380
00:16:43,655 --> 00:16:47,822
Speed is 100. Full duplex.
Looks like that should be okay.

381
00:16:49,974 --> 00:16:52,780
And our sub interfaces
are correctly configured,

382
00:16:52,780 --> 00:16:55,244
let's just take a look
at the actual status

383
00:16:55,244 --> 00:16:56,744
of that interface.

384
00:16:59,121 --> 00:17:01,628
Okay, it says it's up,
line protocol is up,

385
00:17:01,628 --> 00:17:04,156
now these EtherSwitch modules do support

386
00:17:04,156 --> 00:17:05,790
the Cisco discovery protocol,

387
00:17:05,790 --> 00:17:07,290
so #sho cdp neigh.

388
00:17:08,457 --> 00:17:10,738
Okay so we do have some problem here,

389
00:17:10,738 --> 00:17:14,905
because router 1 is not
seeing the EtherSwitch module.

390
00:17:17,317 --> 00:17:18,575
Let's just double check everything.

391
00:17:18,575 --> 00:17:21,454
So once again, start with
the topology summary window.

392
00:17:21,454 --> 00:17:23,906
Is everything green, do
we see any red lights?

393
00:17:23,906 --> 00:17:24,916
Nope, everything's green,

394
00:17:24,916 --> 00:17:26,222
everything says its on.

395
00:17:26,222 --> 00:17:29,122
Okay, so I can get out of there.

396
00:17:29,122 --> 00:17:32,542
Verify that my interfaces are correct,

397
00:17:32,542 --> 00:17:34,457
so if I just hover over the switch,

398
00:17:34,457 --> 00:17:37,079
the EtherSwitch module,

399
00:17:37,079 --> 00:17:39,496
and take a look at the interfaces,

400
00:17:39,496 --> 00:17:40,946
let's see here...

401
00:17:40,946 --> 00:17:42,446
So, it looks like,

402
00:17:44,684 --> 00:17:47,249
if I scroll over that again, okay,

403
00:17:47,249 --> 00:17:50,186
so Fast Ethernet 1/4,

404
00:17:50,186 --> 00:17:52,647
and we can see right
down there is connected

405
00:17:52,647 --> 00:17:56,814
to Router 1 on Fast Ethernet
0/1, so that is correct.

406
00:18:00,165 --> 00:18:04,049
Alright, let's save my project
before I go any further.

407
00:18:04,049 --> 00:18:07,302
Sometimes, what I've seen
is you have to play around

408
00:18:07,302 --> 00:18:10,201
with the speed and the
duplex of the interfaces

409
00:18:10,201 --> 00:18:12,735
to get everything lined up correctly,

410
00:18:12,735 --> 00:18:14,066
so even though we saw,

411
00:18:14,066 --> 00:18:16,529
let's go ahead and do this again.

412
00:18:16,529 --> 00:18:18,529
So we saw on Router 1...

413
00:18:25,772 --> 00:18:26,802
Let's do that again.

414
00:18:26,802 --> 00:18:30,969
Router 1, we see that he is
full duplex, 100 megabits

415
00:18:32,340 --> 00:18:35,412
per second, which I believe
is the exact same thing

416
00:18:35,412 --> 00:18:36,995
as the EtherSwitch.

417
00:18:40,083 --> 00:18:42,970
Ah, Auto-duplex, Auto-speed.

418
00:18:42,970 --> 00:18:44,852
Okay, so we're having a mismatch here,

419
00:18:44,852 --> 00:18:46,431
because on one side it's hardcoded

420
00:18:46,431 --> 00:18:48,531
for full duplex and speed,

421
00:18:48,531 --> 00:18:52,290
on this side it is using auto-negotiation.

422
00:18:52,290 --> 00:18:54,627
So let's just change that.

423
00:18:54,627 --> 00:18:56,627
Shut the interface down.

424
00:18:57,591 --> 00:18:59,591
Change the speed to 100.

425
00:19:01,209 --> 00:19:03,376
Change the duplex to full.

426
00:19:04,228 --> 00:19:05,061
#no shut.

427
00:19:06,135 --> 00:19:09,062
And hopefully that will fix our problem.

428
00:19:09,062 --> 00:19:11,228
Ah there we go, that looks good.

429
00:19:11,228 --> 00:19:12,978
Has become .1Q trunk.

430
00:19:13,822 --> 00:19:15,622
#sho int trunk.

431
00:19:15,622 --> 00:19:17,676
And now confirms it, that our interface

432
00:19:17,676 --> 00:19:20,129
is actually in trunking state.

433
00:19:20,129 --> 00:19:22,251
So that concludes this particular video

434
00:19:22,251 --> 00:19:23,844
on the EtherSwitch module,

435
00:19:23,844 --> 00:19:26,086
as you can see, to recap
what we talked about.

436
00:19:26,086 --> 00:19:28,940
Number 1: You have to select an IOS image

437
00:19:28,940 --> 00:19:32,180
for a router that
supports network modules,

438
00:19:32,180 --> 00:19:33,857
and I showed you on the GNS3 website

439
00:19:33,857 --> 00:19:35,364
how to get to that page that specifically

440
00:19:35,364 --> 00:19:37,284
talks about the routers that support that.

441
00:19:37,284 --> 00:19:39,874
So get a hold of the correct IOS image.

442
00:19:39,874 --> 00:19:43,332
Number 2: Import that IOS image into GNS3

443
00:19:43,332 --> 00:19:45,529
and when you get to
the appropriate screen,

444
00:19:45,529 --> 00:19:47,078
click that little box that says,

445
00:19:47,078 --> 00:19:48,972
"This is an EtherSwitch module."

446
00:19:48,972 --> 00:19:50,557
That was required.

447
00:19:50,557 --> 00:19:53,089
Number 3: Within GNS3 itself,

448
00:19:53,089 --> 00:19:58,048
once that router's there,
once that switch is there,

449
00:19:58,048 --> 00:19:59,856
you can now go to the switching section,

450
00:19:59,856 --> 00:20:01,404
and you'll see it available,

451
00:20:01,404 --> 00:20:02,546
as an EtherSwitch router,

452
00:20:02,546 --> 00:20:04,596
just drag and drop that
into your topology,

453
00:20:04,596 --> 00:20:05,923
and then number 4:

454
00:20:05,923 --> 00:20:07,670
just go into the console that,

455
00:20:07,670 --> 00:20:08,844
just like you'd go into the console

456
00:20:08,844 --> 00:20:10,458
of any other router in your device,

457
00:20:10,458 --> 00:20:13,137
and start configuring the
appropriate interfaces

458
00:20:13,137 --> 00:20:15,982
in the network module as switchports,

459
00:20:15,982 --> 00:20:17,731
and configure your spanning tree

460
00:20:17,731 --> 00:20:19,647
and everything else that you need to do.

461
00:20:19,647 --> 00:20:21,462
So that concludes this particular video

462
00:20:21,462 --> 00:20:24,129
on how to use switching in GNS3.